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Motor Speech Disorders SPHP 218 > Identify the dysarthria type > Flashcards

Identify the dysarthria type Flashcards

1
Q

Lesion to one or more CNs or spinal nerves

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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2
Q

Lesions to the cerebellum and its connections

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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3
Q

Lesions to LMNs that innervate respiratory musculature or CNs that innervate speech musculature

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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4
Q

Combined weakness & spasticity (UMN)

A

Spastic dysarthria

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5
Q

Muscle weakness

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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6
Q

Irregular articulatory breakdowns

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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7
Q

Etiology: any process that damages the direct and indirect activation pathways bilaterally.

A

Spastic dysarthria

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8
Q

Problems at the level of the FCP (LMN involvement)

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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9
Q

Degenerative diseases, tumor, & trauma (more than one type of dysarthria can be caused by these things)

A
  • Flaccid
  • Spastic
  • Ataxic
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10
Q

Damage to UMNs (unilateral)

A

Unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) dysarthria

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11
Q

Damage to internal capsule, lobar, cortical, brainstem, and/or thalamus

A

Unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) dysarthria

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12
Q

Can be caused by demyelinating diseases (more than one type of dysarthria can be caused by these things)

A
  • flaccid
  • ataxic
  • UUMN
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13
Q

Irregular speech AMRs

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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14
Q

Excess & equal stress patterns (two kinds)

A

Ataxic & spastic dysarthria

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15
Q

Harsh, strained-strangled quality with an effortful grunt at the end of vocalizations

A

Spastic dysarthria

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16
Q

Reduced muscle tone

A

Flaccid dysarthria

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17
Q

Apparent in articulation (imprecise irregular breakdowns), phonation (harshness, reduced loudness), & prosody (slow rate & slow/imprecise/irregular DDKs)

A

Unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) dysarthria

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18
Q

excess loudness variations & poor pitch control

A

Ataxic dysarthria

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19
Q

low pitch; pitch breaks; reduced stress; monoloudness

A

Spastic dysarthria

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20
Q

speech deteriorates when fatigued or stressed

21
Q

distorted vowels

A

Ataxic dysarthria

22
Q

intermittent hyponasality may occur

A

Ataxic dysarthria

23
Q

Hypernasality

A

Spastic (No NAE) & Flaccid (NAE)

24
Q

slow rate of speech

A

Flaccid, Spastic, & UUMN dysarthria

25
Q

Heaviness or thickness of tongue

26
Q

impacts range of motion (ROM)

A

Flaccid, spastic, & hypokinetic dysarthria

27
Q

harshness, breathiness, pitch breaks, tremors, and quivering

A

Ataxic dysarthria

28
Q

site of lesion: direct (pyramidal tracts) or indirect (extrapyramidal tracts) activation pathways

A

Spastic dysarthria

29
Q

Occurs when there is neurological damage to two or more parts of the motor system

A

Mixed dysarthria

30
Q

Especially affects voice, articulation, and prosody (but also respiratory, phonatory, and resonatory.)

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

31
Q

Decreased range of motion is a significant issue

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

32
Q

Primarily affects aspects of speech motor control

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

33
Q

Less motion

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

34
Q

Caused from Parkinson’s disease; lesions in basal ganglia

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

35
Q

Rigidity
Reduced ROM
Head tremors
Arm swing

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

36
Q

unique: increased rate of speech

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

37
Q

Patient complaints:

  • Deny or minimize changes in voice
  • “hard to get speech started”
  • “Stutter”
  • Fatigue
  • Variations in speech during medication cycle
  • Drooling/ swallowing complaints
  • Stiff upper lip
A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

38
Q

Only dysarthria associated w/ rapid, repetitive rate of speech (with subsequent reduced intelligibility)

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

39
Q

Affects all subsystems of speech (artic & prosody!)

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

40
Q

Speech impacted by rigidity, reduced force, and reduced ROM

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

41
Q

Slow individual movements but general fast rate once speech gets started

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

42
Q

Associated w/ Basal Ganglia Disease (insufficient production in dopamine in the substantia nigra

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

43
Q

Monopitch, monoloudness, and palilalia (involuntary repetition of words, phrases or sentences)

A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

44
Q

Involuntary movements

A

Hyperkinetic dysarthria

45
Q

Basal ganglia control circuit: basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebral cortex

A

Hyperkinetic dysarthria

46
Q

Abolished by sleep and exacerbated by anxiety and heightened emotions

A

Hyperkinetic dysarthria

47
Q

89% Undetermined
Toxic-metabolic 3%
Degen 2% - Huntington’s
Trauma 1%, Vascular 1%, Other 4%

A

Hyperkinetic dysarthria

48
Q 
Degenerative 87% - Parkinson's
Lewy Body
Vascular 4%, 
Multi causes 3%, Trauma 2%, other 1%, infectious 1%, 
Undetermined 2%
A

Hypokinetic dysarthria

Motor Speech Disorders SPHP 218 (6 decks)

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