Identifications

Question 1

Three-field system

Answer 1

• system where farmers would split their fields into 3 parts and crops were rotated based on growing and harvest season
  *1/3 was planted with winter crops and 1/3 with spring crops

Question 2

The “summa”

Answer 2

Describes the relationship between God and man
Explains how man reconciliation with the Divine is made possible through Christ.

Question 3

Estates General

Answer 3

Composed of three estates: the clergy, nobility, and commoners
Had the power to decide on the levying of new taxes and to undertake reformers in the country

Question 4

Battle of Crecy

Answer 4

In 1364; Fought between England and France; King Philip VI and King Edward 111; England won

Question 5

Mercantilism

Answer 5

A way of a country making money through trade

Question 6

Johan Gutenberg

Answer 6

Invented the printing press in Germany in 1440

Question 7

Indulgences

Answer 7

Money one could pay the Catholic Church to get out of purgatory and be forgiven of sins

Question 8

Antitrinitarian

Answer 8

When one does not believe in the trinity. Invented by Anglican priest John Assheton in 1548

Question 9

William of Orange

Answer 9

*Glorious Revolution
*Married Mary 1 of England
*Made England a constitutional monarchy

Question 10

Spanish Fury

Answer 10

1566: Spanish interfered with Dutch plans, resulting in Calvinist’s to attack Catholic Churches
Duke of Alba was head of the military court, he would execute anyone who even got suspected of being Protestant
1573: William the Silent sent counter attacks; Spanish troops revolted and attacked many Dutch cities (known as Spanish Fury)
1588: Dutch republic became Protestant

Question 11

Petition of Right

Answer 11

*British constitutional petition
* protect citizens of England against the monarchy
* to establish the rights of the citizens

Question 12

Calvaliers and Roundheads

Answer 12

A) were followers of Charles 1 of England
B) were followers of Parliament

Question 13

English Bill of Rights

Answer 13

*original act of the English Parliament
* established the principles of frequent parliaments, free elections, and freedom of speech within Parliament

Question 14

Pragmatic Sanction

Answer 14

*an edict issued by Charles VI in 1713
* ensure Habsburg possessions could be inherited by a daughter

Question 15

Junkers

Answer 15

• wealthy landowners, controlled the Prussian Army
• enormous influence over German foreign and domestic affairs
• strong supporters of the German ruling family

Question 16

Fredrick William 1

Answer 16

• 2nd Prussian king
• “Solider King”
• Military successions, reorginization of the Prussian army, patronage of the arts and enlightenment