Ideas factors

Question 1

Liberals agree on equality?

Answer 1

Agree- Equality of opportunity
Mixed- Equality of outcome
Agree- Foundational equality

Question 2

Socialists agree on collectivism?

Answer 2

Agree- humans ‘social animals’

• Revs: Marx + Engels common humanity defines nature. Marx people naturally like to work together for a common goal, eventually ‘stateless communism’, more effective.
  Dems: Webb evolutionary socialism, collective action.
  TW: Giddens recognises humans social beings.

Disagree- Emphasis of collectivism.

• Revs: need classless society.
  Dems: tendency for human cooperation. Webb agree seen by TUs, need evolutionary socialism to make more equal.

Disagree- Capitalism

• Revs: any capitalism exploits. Marx distracted by ‘false consciousness’, need a rev. Luxemburg core capitalism is exploitation, cannot be reformed from inside.
  Dems: Webb evolutionary socialism to make capitalism more equal. Crosland high welfare spending in mixed economy.
  TW: Embrace market mechanisms but high education spending.

Question 3

Conservatives on economy?

Answer 3

Disagree- state role on economy

• Trads: Oakeshott tradition key, state intervention.
  One nation: Disraeli laissez-faire.
  NR: Rand: keep its hands off, stay to law/order. Nozick: ‘minimal state’

Disagree- human nature influences type of economy

*Trads: Oakeshott state intervention to prevent stability. Hobbes state intervention to prevent chaos.
NR: Rand: should be able to succeed on own merit. Nozick: should be able to manage selves in unregulated economy.

Agree- capitalist economy

• Trads: Burke protect capitalism in an organic society. Oakeshott pragmatism promoted capitalism.
  NR: Rand pure capitalism for meritocratic society. Nozick capitalism’s power unbalance promotes maximal freedom.