Ideal Gases Flashcards
What is the approximate mass of a proton or neutron in atomic mass units?
1.66 x 10^-27 kg
This value is often used as a standard for atomic mass.
How is 1 mole of a substance defined?
The number of molecules in exactly 12g of carbon-12
Also Avogadro’s Constant
What is the Avogadro Constant?
The number of atoms in 12g of carbon-12
It is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 mol^-1.
How can the number of atoms be determined?
No. of moles x NA
NA is Avogadro’s number.
What is molar mass & its units?
The mass of a substance in grams per mole
Units are g/mol.
What defines an ideal gas?
Molecules with
negligible volume
elastic collisions
cannot be liquefied
no interactions except collisions
obeys ideal gas laws
These properties are theoretical and not fully achievable in real gases.
What is the ideal gas equation?
PV = nRT
Where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is the molar gas constant, and T is temperature.
What does Boyle’s Law state?
P is inversely proportional to V
P1V1 = P2V2
This law applies when the temperature of an ideal gas is constant.
What does the Pressure Law state?
P is directly proportional to T
P1/T1 = P2/T2
This law applies when the volume of an ideal gas is constant.
What is Charles’ Law?
V is directly proportional to T
V1/T1 = V2/T2
This law applies when the pressure of an ideal gas is constant.
What is Molar Mass & Units?
The mass of a substance, in grams, in one mole.
gmol^-1
Equation for number of moles.
No. of moles = mass/molar mass
Ideal gas equation 2
PV=NkT
Where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of molecules, k is the Boltzmann constant, and T is temperature.
Graph for Boyle’s law
Downward slope exponential, V on Y-axis, P on X-axis
Graph for Pressure law
Straight line, x intercept at -273.
P on Y-axis, T in Celsius on X-axis
Graph for Charles’ law
Straight line, x intercept at -273.
P on Y-axis, T in Celsius on X-axis
