ideal gases

Question 1

What is Kinetic Theory?

Answer 1

A model that describes the behavior of atoms in an ideal gas.

Question 2

Assumptions in the Kinetic Model

Answer 2

Gas contains a large number of molecules moving randomly.
The volume of molecules is negligible compared to the total gas volume.
Collisions between atoms and container walls are perfectly elastic.
The time of a collision is negligible compared to the time between collisions.
Electrostatic forces between molecules are negligible except during collisions.

Question 3

Effect of Collisions with Container Walls

Answer 3

When a gas particle collides elastically with a wall, its momentum changes completely.

Question 4

Boyle’s Law

Answer 4

Pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional if temperature remains constant. P1V1 = P2V2

Question 5

Experiment for investigating Boyle’s Law:

Answer 5

1) Reduce the pressure of a pressurised gas
2) Inside a volume scale to read the volume
3) Change pressure using a pressure gauge measuring in Pa

Question 6

Charles’s Law

Answer 6

Pressure and absolute temperature are directly proportional if volume remains constant.

Question 7

Experiment for Absolute Zero (Charles’s Law)

Answer 7

Heat a gas in a water bath and measure the change in pressure as temperature increases.
The graph of pressure vs. temperature will show absolute zero at the point where pressure reaches zero.

Question 8

Root Mean Square Speed (rms speed) what its purpose

Answer 8

Since gas particles move randomly, their average velocity is zero.
The rms speed gives a measure of the average speed of particles.