Ideal Gas Molecules

Question 1

What kind of motion do the molecules in gas have?

Answer 1

random motion at high speeds

Question 2

As molecules in a gas have random motion, what could they collide with to undergo sudden changes in their motion?

Answer 2

with the walls of its container

with other molecules

Question 3

What is the random motion of tiny particles in a fluid known as?

Answer 3

Brownian motion

Question 4

What happens in terms of force when a molecule in a gas collide with a wall of its container?

Answer 4

it exerts a force

Question 5

What is the equation for pressure?

Answer 5

pressure = force/area

Question 6

What happens to the pressure when the collisions of the molecules in the gas and the walls of its container become more frequent?

Answer 6

the pressure increases as a greater force is exerted because of the more frequent collisions

Question 7

How would you convert Kelvin into *C?

Answer 7

-273

Question 8

How would you convert *C into Kelvin?

Answer 8

+273

Question 9

What is absolute zero in Kelvin?

Answer 9

0 Kelvin

Question 10

What is absolute zero in *C?

Answer 10

-273*C

Question 11

What does the amount of pressure that a gas exerts on its container depend on and why?

Answer 11

the temperature of gas because particles move with more energy as their temperature increases

Question 12

What happens to the the pressure on the container as the temperature of the gas decreases?

Answer 12

it also decreases

Question 13

What actually is absolute zero?

Answer 13

the temperature of which the particles in a gas exert no pressure and they must no longer be moving (hence not colliding with their container)

Question 14

What is absolute zero defined as?

Answer 14

the temperature at which the molecules in a substance have zero kinetic energy

Question 15

Is it possible to have a temperature lower than 0 Kelvin?

Answer 15

NO

Question 16

Can a temperature in Kelvin ever be a negative value?

Answer 16

NO

Question 17

What is a change in temperature of 1 Kelvin equal to in *C?

Answer 17

1 Kelvin = 1*C

Question 18

What is 200*C in Kelvin?

Answer 18

473 Kelvin

Question 19

What is 100 Kelvin in *C?

Answer 19

-173*C

Question 20

What is 0 Kelvin in *C?

Answer 20

-273*C

Question 21

How does an increase in temperature effect the speed of gas molecules?

Answer 21

as temperature increases, the speed of gas molecules also increases

Question 22

Is the KELVIN temperature of a gas proportional or inproportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

Answer 22

PROPORTIONAL

Question 23

What can an increase in kinetic energy of molecules in a gas cause?

Answer 23

-cause the temperature of the system to increase

-produce a change of state (solid to liquid or liquid to gas)

Question 24

If the temperature of a gas remains constant, what happens to the pressure when the volume is decreased?

Answer 24

pressure increases as the molecules of the gas will collide more often creating a larger overall net force which increases the pressure

Question 25

If the temperature of a gas remains constant, what happens to the pressure when the volume is increased?

Answer 25

pressure decreases as the molecules of the gas will collide less often exerting a lower force

Question 26

When a gas is compressed what happens to the pressure?

Answer 26

pressure increases

Question 27

What happens to the volume as the pressure decreases?

Answer 27

the volume increases as pressure decreases

Question 28

What happens to the volume as the pressure increases?

Answer 28

the volume decreases as pressure increases

Question 29

What happens if the gas is heated up?

Answer 29

the molecules will travel at a higher speed meaning they will collide with the walls more often creating an increase in pressure

Question 30

The hotter the gas the … the average kinetic energy?

Answer 30

the hotter the gas, the higher the average kinetic energy

Question 31

The cooler the gas the … the average kinetic energy?

Answer 31

the cooler the gas, the lower the average kinetic energy

Question 32

At a constant volume, how does an increase in temperature effect the pressure? (vice versa)

Answer 32

the pressure increases as a higher force is exerted when the molecules collide more often (vice versa)

Question 33

What equation shows the relationship between the pressure and KELVIN temperature of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume?

Answer 33

initial pressure (Pa) / initial temperature (Kelvin) = final pressure (Pa) / final temperature (Kelvin)

Question 34

What does the equation that shows the relationship between pressure and temperature tell us?

Answer 34

they are PROPORTIONAL

Question 35

What equation shows the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature?

Answer 35

initial pressure (Pa) x initial volume (m*3) = final pressure (Pa) x final volume (m*3)

Question 36

What is the equation that shows the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature sometimes referred to?

Answer 36

Boyle's Law