Ideal City Switzerland Flashcards
1
Q
What is an ideal city?
A
- urban planning concept designed under uniform aspects such as economic, social, political organization
- often combined with utopian ideas and an aesthetic program
- historically influenced by examples like Les Salines de Chaux
2
Q
How have ideal cities influenced urban planning?
A
- shaped the design of planned cities, satellite cities, and housing developments
- e.g. Palmanova (star-shaped city)
3
Q
How did cities evolve in ancient times?
A
- Mesopotamia: Babylon as a trade hub
- Greece: Milet as an example of early city planning
- Rome: Garrison towns with a focus on military organization
4
Q
What were the two main types of cities in the Middle Age?
A
- planned cities: geometrically designed, such as Roman cities
- irregular cities: expanded organically, revealing layers of historical growth
5
Q
What was the role of the Renaissance in city planning?
A
- transitioned from utopian ideals to realistic urban designs
- e.g. Mannheim, Solothurn
6
Q
How did industrialization transform cities?
A
- cities grew rapidly due to labor demands of factories
- railways redefined transportation centrality
- separation of industrial, residential, and green spaces emerged as a planning principle
7
Q
What factors drove suburbanization in the 20th century?
A
- mass motorization and imporved rail networks
- a growing middle class seeking individual homes
- expansion into rural areas, leading to urban sprawl and social segregation
8
Q
What are the consequences of suburbanization?
A
- increased car traffic, congestion, and commuting
- social segregation
- loss of rural landscapes to unplanned development
9
Q
How does mobility impact urban quality of life?
A
- mobility enhances economic opportunities and life quality but contributes to traffic and congestion
- a conflict exists between demands for increased mobility and reduced traffic
10
Q
What strategy can reduce traffic while promoting mobility?
A
- densification near transport hubs
- improved pedestrian and cycling infrastructure
- smart connectivity between neighborhoods and cities
11
Q
What are key principles of sustainable urban development?
A
- mixed-use zoning and compact urban forms
- integration of green spaces and renewable energy
- participatory planning to make urban development inclusive and sustainable
12
Q
How do the Sustainable Development Goals influence spatial planning?
A
- goals like climate protection, biodiversity preservation, and renewable energy expansion shape urban policies
- focus on integrative, sustainable urban growth
13
Q
What is the importance of densification in Switzerland?
A
- essential to adress limited land availability
- ensures optimal use of existing infrastructure
- reduces urban sprawl and commuting times
14
Q
How does proximity affect urban living?
A
- accessibility to essential services within walking distance improves quality of life
15
Q
How can cities adapt to climate change?
A
- incorporate green roofs, and walls for cooling
- design urban spaces to enhance walkability and reduce energy consumption
