IDA Flashcards
Iron deficiency anaemia
1
Q
Absorption site
A
- Duodenum and jejunum
2
Q
Absorption form
A
- 10% of dietary iron absorbed.
- Regulated by body needs.
- Ferrous Fe2+ > Ferric Fe 3+
3
Q
Absorption
What increase and what decrease?
A
- Increase by Vit C, Gastric acid
- Decrease by PPIs, Gastric achlorhydia, tannin ( tea )
4
Q
Distribution
A
- Haemoglobin 70%
- Ferrtin & hemosiderin 25%
- Myoglobin 4%
- Plasma iron 0.1%
5
Q
Transport
A
- As Ferric Fe 3+ bound to Transferrin.
- Fe2+ oxidized to Fe3+ by ceruloplasmin.
- Transferrin is about 33% saturated with iron.
- Transferrin is increase by pregnancy & OCP.
6
Q
Storage
A
- Ferritin in tissues
- preferred test to confirm IDA.
- acute phase reactant protein that increase in inflammatory conditions
7
Q
Excretion
A
- 1 mg per day in lost in gut.
8
Q
Transferrin Saturation %
A
- Plasma iron / TIBC * 100
- Increase in Haemochromatosis.
- Dcrease in IDA.
9
Q
Iron Deficiency vs Iron overload
A
- Deficiency :High TIBC & Transferrin
- Overload : Low TIBC & transferrin.
10
Q
Causes of IDA
A
1- Increase demands
- Adolescence
- Menstruation, Pregnancy, Lactation.
- cancer
2- insufficient intake
- Vegan diet , Malnutrition
3- Decrease absorption
- Malabsorption ( celiac D, IBD, H.pylori)
- Gastric & Bariatric surgery
- High Gastric PH.
11
Q
Clinical features
A
1- Angular stomatitis
2- Atrophic gastritis
3- post- cricoid webs
4- Kolionychia
12
Q
Blood film
A
- Target cells
- Pencil ( poikilocytes )
- If combined with Vit B12 or Folate Deficiency, Diamorphic film :
Both micro and macrocytic cells.
13
Q
Treatment
A
- Parenteral iron act no faster than oral.
- ferrous sulphate contain more elemental iron than gluconate.
- indications for I.V iron:
1- unable to tolerate oral iron.
2- Fail to comply
3- GIT disorders
4- Haemdialysis patient.
