ID Variables After Age

Question 1

What qualifies as aptitude?

Answer 1

Separate from general IQ and achievement
Separate from motivation
Stable factor, perhaps innate
Not prerequisite but may enhance rate and ease of learning

Question 2

3 aptitude components

Answer 2

Auditory skill
Linguistic analysis skill
Memory

Question 3

What is working memory? (WM)

Answer 3

Central executive storage and processing of info

Question 4

What qualifies attitude?

Answer 4

Toward community and people who speak the L2
Toward learning the TL
Toward languages and language learning in general

Question 5

How does Gardner define motivation?

Answer 5

Motivation + Effort + Désire to achieve goal + Attitudes toward learning the language

Question 6

Findings in attitude

Answer 6

Motivation and attitude important in L2 learning
Separate from aptitude
Strongly influenced by social context

Question 7

What defines a learning style?

Answer 7

Natural, habitual preferred way of processing and retaining new info and skills

Some flexibility

Midway between personality and IQ
Not exclusively innate

Question 8

What defines a cognitive style?

Answer 8

Predisposition to process information in a characteristic manner

Relatively fixed

Question 9

Learning strategies goal

Answer 9

Solve a problem
Learners are generally aware of the strategies
To make L2 learning easier and more enjoyable

Question 11

Learning strategies classification

Answer 11

Metacognitive
Cognitive
Socioaffective