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Internal Medicine > ID > Flashcards

ID Flashcards

1
Q

tx of active TB?

tx of latent TB?

A

active TB → Tx SPIRE (streptomycin, pyrazinamide, INH, rifampin, ethambutol) for 2 months, then INH + rifampin for 4 months

latent TB → Tx INH only

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2
Q

HAV:
route?
buzzwords?
dx?

A

fecal-oral

Asx (usually), daycare, travel

dx HAV IgM = acute infx
HAV IgG = previous infx or immunity

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3
Q 
HBV:
route?
buzzwords?
dx?
tx?
A

parenteral or sexual

polyarteritis nodosa, MGN

Dx HBsAg = acute/chronic infx
HBsAb = previous infx or immunity
HBeAg = infectivity
HBcAb IgM = window period

Tx IFN-α

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4
Q 
HCV:
route?
buzzwords?
dx?
tx?
A

parenteral

Cryoglobulinemia, Chronic infx, Cirrhosis, Carcinoma, Carriers, IVDA, MPGN

Dx HCV RNA

Tx IFN-α + ribavarin, liver txp if severe

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5
Q 
HDV:
route?
buzzwords?
dx?
tx?
A

parenteral or sexual

Deadly, HBV co-infection

Dx HDV Ab

Tx IFN-α

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6
Q

HEV:
route?
buzzwords?
dx?

A

fecal-oral

cruise ships, fatal in pregnancy

Dx HEV Ab

Tx supportive care

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7
Q

Diarrhea × fever/blood:

A

Shigella, Salmonella, Campy, EHEC

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8
Q

Diarrhea × mayonnaise:

A

Staph aureus (<6 hrs), Salmonella

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9
Q

Diarrhea × raw chicken:

A

Salmonella, Shigella

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10
Q

Diarrhea × raw seafood:

A

Vibrio, Salmonella, hep A

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11
Q

Diarrhea × travel:

A

ETEC

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12
Q

Erysipelas:
organism?
tx?

A

Strep pyogenes

Tx PCN or erythromycin

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13
Q

Toxic shock syndrome:
presentation?
tx?

A

fever, rash, desquamation of palms/soles

admit + stabilize + IV nafcillin (prevents recurrence, not current toxin-mediated illness)

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14
Q

Disseminated gonoccocal: presentation?

A

migratory polyarthritis, endocarditis, skin rash

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15
Q

Jarisch-Herxheimer rxn =

A

acute febrile rxn s/p syphilis tx (MC w/ 2° syphilis), due to dead spirochetes → endotoxin release

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16
Q 
Chancroid:
organism?
presentation?
dx?
tx?
A

Haemophilus ducreyi

painful chancre + inguinal LN-opathy

Gram stain (“school of fish” appearance)

Tx azithromycin or ceftriaxone

17
Q

Herpetic whitlow =

A

painful, paronychia-like lesions in fingers of healthcare workers

18
Q

Arthritis × IVDA:

organism?

A

Pseudomonas

19
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever:
presentation?
tx?

A

triad of HA + fever + rash (vasculitis that starts on extremities and comes inward)

doxycycline

20
Q

Malaria:

presentation?

A

cyclic fever/chills, headache, anemia, splenomegaly

21
Q

Rabies:

dx?

A

Dx viral cx, Negri bodies on Purkinje cell bx

Tx emergent passive + active immunization

22
Q

Giardiasis:

tx?

A

metronidazole

23
Q 
Amebiasis:
organism? 
presentation?
dx?
tx?
A

Entamoeba histolytica

  • flask-shaped ulcers in ascending colon → bloody diarrhea
  • “anchovy paste” abscess in liver → RUQ pain

Dx stool sample

Tx metronidazole (for diarrhea and abscess)

24
Q

Cryptosporidiosis:

dx?

A

acid fast stain

25
Q

Ascariasis:
can cause…
tx?

A

bowel obstruction

mebendazole

26
Q

Hookworm:
can cause…
tx?

A

iron-deficiency anemia

mebendazole

27
Q

Tapeworm:
can cause…
tx?

A

D. latum eats vitamin B12 → macrocytic anemia

praziquantel

*Taenia saginata (beef), Taenia solium (pork), Diphyllobothrium latum (fish)

28
Q

Schistosomiasis:
S. mansoni/japonicum cause…
S. haematobium causes…
tx?

A

S. mansoni/japonicum cause fibrosis of liver and spleen

S. haematobium causes bladder infx → dysuria, bladder SCC

praziquantel

29
Q

Cryptococcosis:
found in…
dx?
tx?

A

pigeon droppings

Dx LP + India ink stain (thick capsules)

Tx IV ampho B + flucytosine

30
Q

Histoplasmosis:
found in…
dx?
tx?

A

bat/bird droppings in caves

Dx bx (macrophage-filled spores)

Tx itraconazole

31
Q

Blastomycosis:
presentation?
dx?
tx?

A

inflammatory lung dz, granulomatous nodules in skin and bone

Dx bx (Broad Based Buds)

Tx itraconazole

32
Q

Coccidioidomycosis:
a/w…
dx?
tx?

A

s/p earthquakes in SW US (mild resp symptoms)

Dx bx (huge spherule w/ endospores)

Tx itraconazole

33
Q

Sporotrichosis:

tx?

A

itraconazole or potassium iodide

Internal Medicine (15 decks)

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