ID Flashcards
tx of active TB?
tx of latent TB?
active TB → Tx SPIRE (streptomycin, pyrazinamide, INH, rifampin, ethambutol) for 2 months, then INH + rifampin for 4 months
latent TB → Tx INH only
HAV:
route?
buzzwords?
dx?
fecal-oral
Asx (usually), daycare, travel
dx HAV IgM = acute infx
HAV IgG = previous infx or immunity
HBV: route? buzzwords? dx? tx?
parenteral or sexual
polyarteritis nodosa, MGN
Dx HBsAg = acute/chronic infx
HBsAb = previous infx or immunity
HBeAg = infectivity
HBcAb IgM = window period
Tx IFN-α
HCV: route? buzzwords? dx? tx?
parenteral
Cryoglobulinemia, Chronic infx, Cirrhosis, Carcinoma, Carriers, IVDA, MPGN
Dx HCV RNA
Tx IFN-α + ribavarin, liver txp if severe
HDV: route? buzzwords? dx? tx?
parenteral or sexual
Deadly, HBV co-infection
Dx HDV Ab
Tx IFN-α
HEV:
route?
buzzwords?
dx?
fecal-oral
cruise ships, fatal in pregnancy
Dx HEV Ab
Tx supportive care
Diarrhea × fever/blood:
Shigella, Salmonella, Campy, EHEC
Diarrhea × mayonnaise:
Staph aureus (<6 hrs), Salmonella
Diarrhea × raw chicken:
Salmonella, Shigella
Diarrhea × raw seafood:
Vibrio, Salmonella, hep A
Diarrhea × travel:
ETEC
Erysipelas:
organism?
tx?
Strep pyogenes
Tx PCN or erythromycin
Toxic shock syndrome:
presentation?
tx?
fever, rash, desquamation of palms/soles
admit + stabilize + IV nafcillin (prevents recurrence, not current toxin-mediated illness)
Disseminated gonoccocal: presentation?
migratory polyarthritis, endocarditis, skin rash
Jarisch-Herxheimer rxn =
acute febrile rxn s/p syphilis tx (MC w/ 2° syphilis), due to dead spirochetes → endotoxin release
Chancroid: organism? presentation? dx? tx?
Haemophilus ducreyi
painful chancre + inguinal LN-opathy
Gram stain (“school of fish” appearance)
Tx azithromycin or ceftriaxone
Herpetic whitlow =
painful, paronychia-like lesions in fingers of healthcare workers
Arthritis × IVDA:
organism?
Pseudomonas
Rocky Mountain spotted fever:
presentation?
tx?
triad of HA + fever + rash (vasculitis that starts on extremities and comes inward)
doxycycline
Malaria:
presentation?
cyclic fever/chills, headache, anemia, splenomegaly
Rabies:
dx?
Dx viral cx, Negri bodies on Purkinje cell bx
Tx emergent passive + active immunization
Giardiasis:
tx?
metronidazole
Amebiasis: organism? presentation? dx? tx?
Entamoeba histolytica
- flask-shaped ulcers in ascending colon → bloody diarrhea
- “anchovy paste” abscess in liver → RUQ pain
Dx stool sample
Tx metronidazole (for diarrhea and abscess)
Cryptosporidiosis:
dx?
acid fast stain
Ascariasis:
can cause…
tx?
bowel obstruction
mebendazole
Hookworm:
can cause…
tx?
iron-deficiency anemia
mebendazole
Tapeworm:
can cause…
tx?
D. latum eats vitamin B12 → macrocytic anemia
praziquantel
*Taenia saginata (beef), Taenia solium (pork), Diphyllobothrium latum (fish)
Schistosomiasis:
S. mansoni/japonicum cause…
S. haematobium causes…
tx?
S. mansoni/japonicum cause fibrosis of liver and spleen
S. haematobium causes bladder infx → dysuria, bladder SCC
praziquantel
Cryptococcosis:
found in…
dx?
tx?
pigeon droppings
Dx LP + India ink stain (thick capsules)
Tx IV ampho B + flucytosine
Histoplasmosis:
found in…
dx?
tx?
bat/bird droppings in caves
Dx bx (macrophage-filled spores)
Tx itraconazole
Blastomycosis:
presentation?
dx?
tx?
inflammatory lung dz, granulomatous nodules in skin and bone
Dx bx (Broad Based Buds)
Tx itraconazole
Coccidioidomycosis:
a/w…
dx?
tx?
s/p earthquakes in SW US (mild resp symptoms)
Dx bx (huge spherule w/ endospores)
Tx itraconazole
Sporotrichosis:
tx?
itraconazole or potassium iodide
