ID Flashcards
A male patient comes to the clinic and is diagnosed with gonorrhea. Which symptom most likely prompted him to seek medical attention?
A) Rashes on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
B) Cauliflower-like warts on the penis
C) Painful, red papules on the shaft of the penis
D) Foul-smelling discharge from the penis
D) Foul-smelling discharge from the penis
A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted to the pediatric unit with infectious diarrhea. The nurse should be alert to what assessment finding as an indicator of dehydration?
A) Labile BP
B) Weak pulse
C) Fever
D) Diaphoresis
B) Weak pulse
A nursing home patient has been diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. What type of precautions should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of this infectious disease to other residents?
A) Contact
B) Droplet
C) Airborne
D) Positive pressure isolation
A) Contact
A nurse who provides care in a busy ED is in contact with hundreds of patients each year. The nurse has a responsibility to receive what vaccine?
A) Hepatitis B vaccine
B) Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
C) Clostridium difficile vaccine
D) Staphylococcus aureus vaccine
A) Hepatitis B vaccine
When a disease infects a host a portal of entry is needed for an organism to gain access. What has been identified as the portal of entry for tuberculosis?
A) Integumentary system
B) Urinary system
C) Respiratory system
D) Gastrointestinal system
C) Respiratory system
A patient has a concentration of S. aureus located on his skin. The patient is not showing signs of increased temperature, redness, or pain at the site. The nurse is aware that this is a sign of a microorganism at which of the following stages?
A) Infection
B) Colonization
C) Disease
D) Bacteremia
B) Colonization
An infectious outbreak of unknown origin has occurred in a long-term care facility. The nurse who oversees care at the facility should report the outbreak to what organization?
A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
B) American Medical Association (AMA)
C) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
D) American Nurses Association (ANA)
A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The infectious control nurse is presenting a program on West Nile virus for a local community group. To reduce the incidence of this disease, the nurse should recommend what action?
A) Covering open wounds at all times
B) Vigilant handwashing in home and work settings
C) Consistent use of mosquito repellants
D) Annual vaccination
C) Consistent use of mosquito repellants
An immunosuppressed patient is receiving chemotherapy treatment at home. What infection-control measure should the nurse recommend to the family?
A) Family members should avoid receiving vaccinations until the patient has recovered from his or her illness.
B) Wipe down hard surfaces with a dilute bleach solution once per day.
C) Maintain cleanliness in the home, but recognize that the home does not need to be sterile.
D) Avoid physical contact with the patient unless absolutely necessary.
C) Maintain cleanliness in the home, but recognize that the home does not need to be sterile.
A medical nurse is careful to adhere to infection control protocols, including handwashing. Which statement about handwashing supports the nurses practice?
A) Frequent handwashing reduces transmission of pathogens from one patient to another.
B) Wearing gloves is known to be an adequate substitute for handwashing.
C) Bar soap is preferable to liquid soap.
D) Waterless products should be avoided in situations where running water is unavailable.
A) Frequent handwashing reduces transmission of pathogens from one patient to another.
A male patient with gonorrhea asks the nurse how he can reduce his risk of contracting another sexually transmitted infection. The patient is not in a monogamous relationship. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following?
A) Ask all potential sexual partners if they have a sexually transmitted disease.
B) Wear a condom every time he has intercourse.
C) Consider intercourse to be risk-free if his partner has no visible discharge, lesions, or rashes.
D) Aim to limit the number of sexual partners to fewer than five over his lifetime.
B) Wear a condom every time he has intercourse.
The nurse places a patient in isolation. Isolation techniques have the potential to break the chain of infection by interfering with what component of the chain of infection?
A) Mode of transmission
B) Agent
C) Susceptible host
D) Portal of entry
A) Mode of transmission
The nurse is caring for a patient who is colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). What infection control measure has the greatest potential to reduce transmission of MRSA and other nosocomial pathogens in a health care setting?
a. Using antibacterial soap when bathing patients with MRSA
b. Conducting culture surveys on a regularly scheduled basis
c. Performing hand hygiene before and after contact with every patient
d. Using aseptic housekeeping practices for environmental cleaning
c. Performing hand hygiene before and after contact with every patient
Family members are caring for a patient with HIV in the patients home. What should the nurse encourage family members to do to reduce the risk of infection transmission?
A) Use caution when shaving the patient.
B) Use separate dishes for the patient and family members.
C) Use separate bed linens for the patient.
D) Disinfect the patients bedclothes regularly.
A) Use caution when shaving the patient.
A nurse is preparing to administer a patients scheduled dose of subcutaneous heparin. To reduce the risk of needlestick injury, the nurse should perform what action?
A) Recap the needle before leaving the bedside.
B) Recap the needle immediately before leaving the room.
C) Avoid recapping the needle before disposing of it.
D) Wear gloves when administering the injection.
C) Avoid recapping the needle before disposing of it.
A 16-year-old male patient comes to the free clinic and is subsequently diagnosed with primary syphilis. What health problem most likely prompted the patient to seek care?
A) The emergence of a chancre on his penis
B) Painful urination
C) Signs of a systemic infection
D) Unilateral testicular swelling
A) The emergence of a chancre on his penis
A patient on the medical unit is found to have pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). What is the most appropriate precaution for the staff to take to prevent transmission of this disease?
A) Standard precautions only
B) Droplet precautions
C) Standard and contact precautions
D) Standard and airborne precautions
D) Standard and airborne precautions
An adult patient in the ICU has a central venous catheter in place. Over the past 24 hours, the patient has developed signs and symptoms that are suggestive of a central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). What aspect of the patients care may have increased susceptibility to CLABSI?
A) The patients central line was placed in the femoral vein.
B) The patient had blood cultures drawn from the central line.
C) The patient was treated for vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) during a previous admission.
D) The patient has received antibiotics and IV fluids through the same line.
A) The patients central line was placed in the femoral vein.
What is the best rationale for health care providers receiving the influenza vaccination on a yearly basis?
A)To decreased nurses susceptibility to health care-associated infections
B) To decrease risk of transmission to vulnerable patients
C) To eventually eradicate the influenza virus in the United States
D) To prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains of the influenza virus
B) To decrease risk of transmission to vulnerable patients
A patient has presented at the ED with copious diarrhea and accompanying signs of dehydration. During the patients health history, the nurse learns that the patient recently ate oysters from the Gulf of Mexico. The nurse should recognize the need to have the patients stool cultured for microorganisms associated with what disease?
A) Ebola
B) West Nile virus
C) Legionnaires disease
D) Cholera
D) Cholera
A patient is alarmed that she has tested positive for MRSA following culture testing during her admission to the hospital. What should the nurse teach the patient about this diagnostic finding?
A) There are promising treatments for MRSA, so this is no cause for serious concern.
B) This doesnt mean that you have an infection; it shows that the bacteria live on one of your skin surfaces.
C) The vast majority of patients in the hospital test positive for MRSA, but the infection doesnt normally cause serious symptoms.
D) This finding is only preliminary, and your doctor will likely order further testing.
B) This doesnt mean that you have an infection; it shows that the bacteria live on one of your skin surfaces.
A patients diagnostic testing revealed that he is colonized with vancomycin-resistantenterococcus (VRE). What change in the patients health status could precipitate an infection?
A) Use of a narrow-spectrum antibiotic
B) Treatment of a concurrent infection using vancomycin
C) Development of a skin break
D) Persistent contact of the bacteria with skin surfaces
C) Development of a skin break
A clinic nurse is caring for a male patient diagnosed with gonorrhea who has been prescribed ceftriaxone and doxycycline. The patient asks why he is receiving two antibiotics. What is the nurses best response?
A) There are many drug-resistant strains of gonorrhea, so more than one antibiotic may be required for successful treatment.
B) The combination of these two antibiotics reduces the later risk of reinfection.
C) Many people infected with gonorrhea are infected with chlamydia as well.
D) This combination of medications will eradicate the infection twice as fast than a single antibiotic.
C) Many people infected with gonorrhea are infected with chlamydia as well.
A student nurse completing a preceptorship is reviewing the use of standard precautions. Which of the following practices is most consistent with standard precautions?
A) Wearing a mask and gown when starting an IV line
B) Washing hands immediately after removing gloves
C) Recapping all needles promptly after use to prevent needlestick injuries
D) Double-gloving when working with a patient who has a blood-borne illness
B) Washing hands immediately after removing gloves
