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Acute Care ID & Cardiology > ID > Flashcards

ID Flashcards

1
Q

Neonatal Infections

Common organisms

A

GBS, E. coli, Listeria

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2
Q

Neontal Infections TX

A 
Empiric tx:
ampicillin 
gentamicin
cefotaxime
acyclovir if HSV suspected
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3
Q

Acute bacterial sinusitis

A

worsening and severe with new fever after symptom resolvement

daytime cough not improving by 10 days

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4
Q

Acute bacterial sinusitis treatement

A

amoxicillin

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5
Q

Acute pharyngitis organism

A

B-hemoytic group A strep

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6
Q

Treatment for GAS

A

Amoxicillin or PRN - first line therapy

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7
Q

Pneumonia Neonates <30 days

A

E. coli
Group B strep
Listeria

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8
Q

Pneumonia 1-3 months

A

S. pneumonia
Chlamydia trachoma’s
B. Pertusis

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9
Q

Pneumonia 3mo-18yo

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chylmadia tracomatis
Strep pneumonia

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10
Q

Treatment pneumonia 1 m- 3m we’ll appearing

A

amoxicillin

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11
Q

Treatment pneumonia <1mo

A

ampicillin

gentamicin

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12
Q

4m-5yo pneumonia tx

A

amoxicillin

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13
Q

> 5yo pneumonia tx

A

macrolide alone if low suspicion for s. pneumonia

if concern for s. pneumonia add amoxicillin or cephalosporin

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14
Q

cause of croup

A

parainfluenza

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15
Q

treatment of croup

A

dex 0.6mg/kg

repeat every 20 mins 1-2 hours racemic epic if needed

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16
Q

Adenovirus

A

URI, LRI, gatro tract infection, Conjunctivitis

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17
Q

tx of adenovirus in immunocompromised pt.

A

cidofovir

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18
Q

Meningitis organisms in neonates

A

GBS, E. coli, listeria

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19
Q

What virus can cause severe encephalitis when the virus is contracted from their mother

A

herpes simplex virus type 2

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20
Q

meningitis common organisms 3m-9yo

A

S. pneumoniae

N. meningitis

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21
Q

10yo-18yo common meningitis organisms

A

N. meningitis

H. influenza (unvaccinated population)

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22
Q

Most common cause of viral meningoencephalitis

A

Enteroviruses

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23
Q

encephalitis in older patients WITHOUT nuchal rigidity.

A

triad of fever, headache, and altered level of consciousness

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24
Q

treatment of meningitis newborn

A

cefoaxime plus ampicillin with or without gentamicin

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25
Q

Tx of meningitis 1m-4yo

A

Cefriaxone/ cefotaxime plus vancomycin

26
Q

Tx of meningitis 5-13 years and adults

A

Ceftriaxone or cefotaxime plus vancomycin

27
Q

Tx duration N. Meningitis

A

5-7 days

Vanc + 3rd generation cephalosporin

28
Q

Tx duration H. Influenza

A

7-10 days

29
Q

Tx duration of S. pneumonia 10-14 days

A

Vanc + third generation cephalosporin (ceftrizxone)

30
Q

Tx of gram negativee bacilli time of treatment

A

minimum of 21 days or 14 days beyond the first negative CSF culture whichever is longer

31
Q

Otitis media common organism

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

Moraxella Catarrhalis

H. influenza

32
Q

AOM first line tx

A

amoxicillin

33
Q

AOM tx not tolerating PO

A

IM ceftriaxone

34
Q

Failure of initial therapy with amoxicillin at 3 days suggests infection with

A

B-lactamase producing

h. influenza

M. catarrhalis

S. pneumoniae

35
Q

Antibiotic therapy appendicitis

A

broad spectrum of gram positive, gram negative, and anaerobic bacteria

Single dose B-lactam (ampicillin) and flagyl

36
Q

multi dosing amingolycoside based combo therapy for appendicitits

A

Ampicillin, gentamicin and flagyl

37
Q

C. diff abx tx

A

d/c abx causing issues

PO flagyl

PO vanc for ill children who do not respond to flagyl PO

or may start Iv flagyl

38
Q

Fever of unknown origin most likely

A

EBV, bartonella henselae, UTI and osteomyelitis

39
Q

Tuberculosis (TB) organism

A

M. Tuberculosis

40
Q

age group most likely for TB to progress to disease

A

under 2

peaks at adolescence

Kids with HIV

41
Q

TX of TB meningitis

A

dexamethasone for first 2 weeks then tapered for 2 weeks

42
Q

TX of tb

A

rifampin (hepatitis concern)

Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide

43
Q

testing TTB

A

PPD
IGRA
Chest x ray

44
Q

xDR TB

A

fluoroquinolone amikacin

45
Q

common organisms of maleria

A

P. falciparum

P. Vivax
P. ovale
P. malaria
P. Knowlesi

46
Q

A traveder returning from an endemic area has _______ until proven otherwise

A

maleria

47
Q

Diagnosis of Maleria

A

used to compare thick and thin blood during fever spikes

now have rapid diagnostic test

48
Q

Tx of maleria chloroquine resistant

A

Atovaquone-proguanil

and

artemether lumefantrine are first line treatment for chloroquine resistant maleria

49
Q

Tx of severe malaria

A

IV quinidine
combined with dox and clindamycin
or artesunate

50
Q

Pertusis tx

A

Macrolide abx

Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, erythormycin

51
Q

what abx would you not give to an infant when treating for pertussis

A

erythromycin

-pyloric stenosis

52
Q

Prevention of pertussis

A

DTAP

53
Q

lyme dx organism

A

borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes

54
Q

early localized lyme dx

A

erythema migrans rash

Fever, HA, myalgia, arthralgia,

55
Q

Early disseminated lyme dx

A

weeks to months after infection

multiple erythema migrans lesions, bell palsy, myocarditis with or without various degrees of heart block, and lymphocytic meningitis

56
Q

Late disease Lyme disease

A

monoarticular large joint arthritis

57
Q

Treatment of lyme disease

A

Doxycline for 10 days

Amox for 14 days

cefuroxime 14 days

58
Q

alternative tx for lyme dx

A

azithromycin for 14 days

59
Q

Tx of arthritis in lyme dx

A

same tx as initial tx but for 28 days

if reoccurent give IV doxy for 14-28 days

60
Q

Tx of mycarditits from lyme dx

A

cetriaxone 14-21 days

61
Q

CNS dx due to lyme dx

A

Ceftriazone for 14 days

62
Q

Treatment of Rocky Mountain spotted fever

A

Do NOT wait to start treatment for serologic confirmation

Doxcycline is favored for all ages 7-10 days and continue until fever has ceased for 72 hours and clinical disease has resolved.

Fluoroquinonlones may be effective.

Acute Care ID & Cardiology (1 decks)

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