Icy Hot

Question 1

Conduction

Answer 1

transfer from one object to another by direct physical contact

Question 2

Convection

Answer 2

transfer by movement of air or fluid moving past a body part

Question 3

Radiation

Answer 3

transfer from one object to another object by transmission of electromagnetic energy

Question 4

Goals of heat therapy include:

Answer 4

Decrease pain/stiffness
Alleviate muscle spasms
Increase ROM and tissue extensibility
Improve tissue healing by increased blood flow

Question 5

Heat will cause increased physiological response in all of the following:

Answer 5

-Blood flow
-Capillary permeability
-Elasticity of non-elastic tissue
-Metabolism
-Vasodilation
-Edema

Question 6

Every ________ degree Celsius causes an increase in tissue temperature = 2-3x the increased cellular oxidation rate

Answer 6

10

Question 7

Heat physiological can cause changes in muscle tissue, but also can work by:

Answer 7

• Decrease firing of muscle spindles
  -Increase GTO fibers
  -Gate control theory

Question 8

What tissue temperature has the greatest temperature change with heat or cold therapy?

Answer 8

Skin

Question 9

Contraindications to heat therapy include

Answer 9

-Acute inflammation
-Absent sensation/impaired cognitive function (burn risk)
-DVT
-Malignancy
-Tendency toward hemorrhage (blood thinner)

Question 10

Precautions for heat therapy

Answer 10

-cardiac insufficiency
-edema (can cause edema)
-Decreased sensation/mentation
-Impaired circulation, thermal regulation
-Metal in treatment area
-Open wounds (unless properly covered)
-Demyelinated nerves

Question 11

T/F patient positioning can be used to increase the therapeutic benefits.

Answer 11

True - ex: if a patient lies on a hot pack it will further insulate heat and pt will feel more warmth.

Question 12

You noticed the water in the hydrocollator felt a little cool when you went to take out a hot pack. You checked the setting to see someone had turned it all the way down. You are going to adjust the dial back to what range?

Answer 12

165-170ºF

Question 13

You have determined your patient is a candidate for heat therapy and you decide to use moist hot packs. How many layers must be between your patient and the hot pack to prevent a burn?

Answer 13

6-8 layers

Question 14

You have just placed a moist hot pack on your patient. Their skin was pink, warm, and dry (normal). You will return to check when?

Answer 14

in 5 minutes and at the end of treatment (10-20m)

Question 15

Your clinic is cheap and doesn’t want to spend the money on hydrocollator covers. How many towels do you need to ensure you achieve the proper patient protection?

Answer 15

3-4 (a towel folded over = 2 layers.)

Question 16

Your patient with arthritis comes in stating she has had an increase in stiffness of her hands since winter started. You decide to treat her with a paraffin bath. What do you need to set the temperature to on the bath?

Answer 16

118-130ºF

Question 17

What method of convection can be used for either heat or cold therapy?

Answer 17

whirlpool

Question 18

A typical whirlpool is set to _______, except in patients with __________ when it is set to 95-100ºF

Answer 18

103-110ºF, PVD

Question 19

T/F: fluidotherapy is used for proximal joints that need targeted treatment.

Answer 19

False, distal extremities

Question 20

What are the goals of cold therapy?

Answer 20

-Decrease pain, inflammation or swelling
-Alleviate muscle spasm
-Reduce spasticity
-MS management
-Cryostretch

Question 21

Physiological effects of cold therapy include:

Answer 21

-Vasoconstriction/decreased fluid infiltration into IS space.
-Increased pain threshold, firing of GTO, joint stiffness
-Decreased firing of muscle spindle, nerve conduction velocity, cellular metabolism

Question 22

Your about to put our patient on cold therapy - how would you educate them about normal skin changes in response to cold therapy?

Answer 22

The skin may blanch or turn white in the center of the area where it was in contact with ice. The area around it might display hyperemia which is a red color.

Question 23

Your patient states they are getting itchy as they are sitting under a cold pack. You look and see erythema of the skin and wheal formation. They have had a:

Answer 23

Histamine reaction

Question 24

Raynaud’s Disease

Answer 24

vasoconstriction in response to cold or stress (fingers turn white then bluish purple as blood vessels start to relax).

Question 25

Contraindications for cold therapy

Answer 25

-Cold hypersensitivity (urticarial)
-Cold intolerance
-Cryoglobulinemia
-Peripheral vascular disease
-Severely impaired temp sensation
-Raynaud’s disease
-Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
-Over regenerating peripheral nerves

Question 26

precautions for cold therapy

Answer 26

-Hypertension
-Open wound
-Over superficial nerve
-Cognitive changes

Question 27

Your performing ice massage for your patient. In what order should they experience the different sensations?

Answer 27

cold>burning>aching>numbness

Question 28

T/F vape-coolant and heat can be used together to achieve maximum therapeutic benefit with active exercises.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Goal of a contrast bath

Answer 29

produce vascular exercise through active vasodilation and vasoconstriction of blood vessels

Question 30

What is the general guidelines for contrast bath temperatures:

Answer 30

Cold = 50-64º
Hot = 100-111ºF

Question 31

Short wave diathermy is an example of

Answer 31

radiation

Question 32

Two methods of short wave disathermy

Answer 32

-Electrical field (capacitive)
-Magnetic field (inductive)

Question 33

Contraindications for diathermy

Answer 33

-Pregnancy (pt or therapist!)
-Implanted neural or cardiac stimulators
-Specific to continuous (thermal): open epiphyses, metal implants and jewelry, malignancy, near the testes or eyes
-Specific to pulsed (non thermal): over diseased internal organs, over metal loops that secure plates or rods

Question 34

Precautions to diathermy

Answer 34

-Use near electronics or magnetic equipment
-Patients or nearby person with metal bearing intrauterine or cardiac devices (stents)

Question 35

Capacitive Method diathermy

Answer 35

high frequency alternating current flows from one plate to the other through patient.

Question 36

a contraplanar set up for diathermy means the plates are where in relation to the body?

Answer 36

Plates positioned on each side of the body part.

Question 37

Co-planar