Icy Hot Flashcards

1
Q

Conduction

A

transfer from one object to another by direct physical contact

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2
Q

Convection

A

transfer by movement of air or fluid moving past a body part

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3
Q

Radiation

A

transfer from one object to another object by transmission of electromagnetic energy

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4
Q

Goals of heat therapy include:

A

Decrease pain/stiffness
Alleviate muscle spasms
Increase ROM and tissue extensibility
Improve tissue healing by increased blood flow

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5
Q

Heat will cause increased physiological response in all of the following:

A

-Blood flow
-Capillary permeability
-Elasticity of non-elastic tissue
-Metabolism
-Vasodilation
-Edema

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6
Q

Every ________ degree Celsius causes an increase in tissue temperature = 2-3x the increased cellular oxidation rate

A

10

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7
Q

Heat physiological can cause changes in muscle tissue, but also can work by:

A
  • Decrease firing of muscle spindles
    -Increase GTO fibers
    -Gate control theory
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8
Q

What tissue temperature has the greatest temperature change with heat or cold therapy?

A

Skin

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9
Q

Contraindications to heat therapy include

A

-Acute inflammation
-Absent sensation/impaired cognitive function (burn risk)
-DVT
-Malignancy
-Tendency toward hemorrhage (blood thinner)

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10
Q

Precautions for heat therapy

A

-cardiac insufficiency
-edema (can cause edema)
-Decreased sensation/mentation
-Impaired circulation, thermal regulation
-Metal in treatment area
-Open wounds (unless properly covered)
-Demyelinated nerves

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11
Q

T/F patient positioning can be used to increase the therapeutic benefits.

A

True - ex: if a patient lies on a hot pack it will further insulate heat and pt will feel more warmth.

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12
Q

You noticed the water in the hydrocollator felt a little cool when you went to take out a hot pack. You checked the setting to see someone had turned it all the way down. You are going to adjust the dial back to what range?

A

165-170ºF

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13
Q

You have determined your patient is a candidate for heat therapy and you decide to use moist hot packs. How many layers must be between your patient and the hot pack to prevent a burn?

A

6-8 layers

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14
Q

You have just placed a moist hot pack on your patient. Their skin was pink, warm, and dry (normal). You will return to check when?

A

in 5 minutes and at the end of treatment (10-20m)

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15
Q

Your clinic is cheap and doesn’t want to spend the money on hydrocollator covers. How many towels do you need to ensure you achieve the proper patient protection?

A

3-4 (a towel folded over = 2 layers.)

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16
Q

Your patient with arthritis comes in stating she has had an increase in stiffness of her hands since winter started. You decide to treat her with a paraffin bath. What do you need to set the temperature to on the bath?

A

118-130ºF

17
Q

What method of convection can be used for either heat or cold therapy?

18
Q

A typical whirlpool is set to _______, except in patients with __________ when it is set to 95-100ºF

A

103-110ºF, PVD

19
Q

T/F: fluidotherapy is used for proximal joints that need targeted treatment.

A

False, distal extremities

20
Q

What are the goals of cold therapy?

A

-Decrease pain, inflammation or swelling
-Alleviate muscle spasm
-Reduce spasticity
-MS management
-Cryostretch

21
Q

Physiological effects of cold therapy include:

A

-Vasoconstriction/decreased fluid infiltration into IS space.
-Increased pain threshold, firing of GTO, joint stiffness
-Decreased firing of muscle spindle, nerve conduction velocity, cellular metabolism

22
Q

Your about to put our patient on cold therapy - how would you educate them about normal skin changes in response to cold therapy?

A

The skin may blanch or turn white in the center of the area where it was in contact with ice. The area around it might display hyperemia which is a red color.

23
Q

Your patient states they are getting itchy as they are sitting under a cold pack. You look and see erythema of the skin and wheal formation. They have had a:

A

Histamine reaction

24
Q

Raynaud’s Disease

A

vasoconstriction in response to cold or stress (fingers turn white then bluish purple as blood vessels start to relax).

25
Contraindications for cold therapy
-Cold hypersensitivity (urticarial) -Cold intolerance -Cryoglobulinemia -Peripheral vascular disease -Severely impaired temp sensation -Raynaud's disease -Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria -Over regenerating peripheral nerves
26
precautions for cold therapy
-Hypertension -Open wound -Over superficial nerve -Cognitive changes
27
Your performing ice massage for your patient. In what order should they experience the different sensations?
cold>burning>aching>numbness
28
T/F vape-coolant and heat can be used together to achieve maximum therapeutic benefit with active exercises.
True
29
Goal of a contrast bath
produce vascular exercise through active vasodilation and vasoconstriction of blood vessels
30
What is the general guidelines for contrast bath temperatures:
Cold = 50-64º Hot = 100-111ºF
31
Short wave diathermy is an example of
radiation
32
Two methods of short wave disathermy
-Electrical field (capacitive) -Magnetic field (inductive)
33
Contraindications for diathermy
-Pregnancy (pt or therapist!) -Implanted neural or cardiac stimulators -Specific to continuous (thermal): open epiphyses, metal implants and jewelry, malignancy, near the testes or eyes -Specific to pulsed (non thermal): over diseased internal organs, over metal loops that secure plates or rods
34
Precautions to diathermy
-Use near electronics or magnetic equipment -Patients or nearby person with metal bearing intrauterine or cardiac devices (stents)
35
Capacitive Method diathermy
high frequency alternating current flows from one plate to the other through patient.
36
a contraplanar set up for diathermy means the plates are where in relation to the body?
Plates positioned on each side of the body part.
37
Co-planar