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ICT SKILLS Flashcards

1
Q

What is ICT

A

It is a diverse set of technological tools and resources thaT ARE used to communicate, create, disseminate, store and manage information.

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2
Q

What are the tools of ICT

A

Radio - Transmission device, mobile, Tv Email.

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3
Q

What is the simplest and easiest way of communication

A

Tv and mobile phones

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4
Q

who developed email

A

Ray Tomlinson in 1971

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5
Q

Applications of ICT

A

Information Access
E-commerce
Learning and teaching
E-banking
Entertainment
Social media communication
Personal health care
Industries
E-governance
Medical services

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6
Q

HOW is ICT helpful in e-governance

A

one can directly interact with the government through various apps. such as
Bharat interface for money (BHIM)
UMANG
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan app

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7
Q

where is the word computer derieved form

A

compute calculate

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8
Q

What is a computer

A

an electronic device that can perform a variety of operations according to the given set of instructions called a program. It then displays and or prints results.

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9
Q

What is hardware

A

it is the physical components of a computer . it can be electronic , electrical, magnetic or optical components .

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10
Q

What is software

A

it is a set of computer programs procedures and associated documentation related to the effective operation of the computer

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11
Q

major components of a computer system

A

CPU
INPUT-OUTPUT UNIT
MEMORY UNIT

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12
Q

What are the functions of the CPU

A

it is the brain of the computer, its primary job is to run programs and perform arithmetic and logical input-output operations of a system.

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13
Q

5 units of computer system

A

imputting - process of enterig data into thecomputer by the user through an input device
storing- holding of data in the computers main memory for manipulation
processing - performing operations , arithmetic or logical or manipulation of data
outputting - process of showing the results or information either on screen or in paper .
controlling - directing all the above process in coordination bu CU

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14
Q

Define the memory unit

A

memory unit it is the principal storage of the computer which holds both instructions and data.

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15
Q

internal memorey

A

default memory of a computer.it is the primary memory where instruction or programs are stored temporarily .

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16
Q

Ram

A

THE INFORMATION in ram will stay untill the user is working on that particular application and lost when the system is turned off

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17
Q

What is called volatile memory

A

RAM

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18
Q

DRAM

A

Dynamic random access memory that stores data temporarily and to retain data it is refreshed periodically

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19
Q

SRAM

A

Static RAM more expensive and fater than DRAM

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20
Q

SDRAM

A

Synchroinous DRAM that trasmits large amount sof data on high speed through synchronous interface .

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21
Q

DDR

A

Double data rate memory that is used in intel Pentium 4 systems and processes with the double speed of SDRAM

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22
Q

ROM

A

Read only memory , stores information permanently , non volatile memory . THE initial program of a computer is saved in ROM .It is mainly used in the booting process.

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23
Q

PROM

A

programmable read-only memory or one-time programmabel rom . Only one program can be done at one time by the manufacturer and after that changes cannot be done in it .

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24
Q

E-PROM

A

Erasable PROM - data can be erased multiple times whereby exposing it to ultraviolet rays where it can erase the entire data on the chip.

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25
EEPROM
Electronically EPROM that erases and programmes the contents in blocks instead of one byte at a time and in this selective data can be erased.
26
Flash memory
it is a specific type of EEPROM that can keep information without any power sources.
27
Masked ROM
Masked ROM contents are programmed at the time of manufacturing by burning the software mask on the chip during the designing phase
28
The primary use of Rom
During the booting process.
29
Cache memory
fast speed memory that can be inserted as a part of the CPU or motherboard that stores repeatedly in required instructions to run the programme. it is faster because it does not require the motherboard system bus for transferring data .
30
External memory
secondary, auxillary memory used due to expensive , temporary and less storage capacity of the internal memory .
31
Magnetic disc
direct access to induvidual records , ie the computer system does not have to search the entire file.
32
TYPES OF MAGNETIC DISCS
Hard disc - non volatile secodnary storage divice , electromechanical device used as the main storage device of the computer . FLOPPY DISC - used in personal computers , 3.5 inches dics or polyester film with magnetic coating , storage 1.44 mb . OPctical dics - uses optical storage technology to read and write data . laser beams are used to store data digitally and even to read an write data to and from the disc.
33
TYPES OF OPTICAL DISCS
CD - used to store videos , images,sound recordings , etc . lower cost than hard disc or RAM . CD - ROM . CD - R CDW CDRW DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC- (DVD0 a DVD is capable of storing data such as movies , games and can be used for storing small applications. FLASH MEMORIES - BLU RAY DISC - derived from blue - violet laser tech. used to read and write info. on disc . successor of DVD used for high definition content and optical storage is fast enough for video recording in had quality . Memory stick - also known as a memory card which is used to read and write information in it . A large amount of memory can be stored in it .
34
ALU
the fundamental building block of CPU where the actual execution of instructions takes place. load data , from the input register, performs operations as directed by control unit , and stores result in output register . Performs - ARITHMETIC - + - = X LOGICAL & OR NOT XOR COMPARISION OPERATIONS = < > < OR = > BIT SHIFTING OPERATORS - shifting the word by specific number of bits towards either direction .
35
Control Unit
it controls the entire working of teh computer by generating timing and control signals . controls transfer of data between memory and I/O devices operations and entire processing .
36
INPUT UNIT
process of entering and collecting data into the system. An input device is a piece of hardware used to provide data to the computer for interaction and controll
37
HOW DOES THE KEYBOARD ACCEPT DATA
when a key is pressed an electronic signals is produced which is detected by an electroionic circuit called key encoder .Programs and data are entered into the computer with the help of a Keyboard.
38
Mouse
It performs functions by detecting two dimensional motion.
39
Scanner
Te information in the form of text or image is entered and then transformed into digital file , which allows the computer to read or display the scanned object.
40
Joystick
It is used to move the cursor continuously in the previoulsyu ponting direction on the monitor screen
41
Digitizing tablet
It consists of an electronica writign area and a pressure sensitive pen for getting different strokes of various widths.
42
Touchscreen -
It is an electronic visual display which detects the touch within the display area.It sends a signal to the computer which gives the location of the screen which has been touched.
43
Touchpad
It translated motion and the position of the users fingertip to relative position on the screen
44
Trackball
It has a ball on its top which can be rolled by the finger, it is widely used in a workstation
45
Microphones
It is the input device whic his used to store sound in the computer using .wav as an extension.
46
Light pen
It is mainly used to select or modify the data on the screen by allowing the user to point on displyed objectsor draw it on th escreen
47
Monitor
It is most commonly used output device that is also known as electronic cisual diplay or visual display unit for the computer , the output is displayed on teh screem
48
PRINTER
It produces hard copy of documents stored as digital data in the computer
49
PLotter
It is used to produce precise and goodquality graphics and drawings under control of the computer.
50
Speaker
It receives sound in the form of electric current from sound card and then converts it into sound format
51
Peripheral devices
The can connct some external and internal devies to the computer systems known as p devices
52
Software???/
It is a set of instructions or programms instructing a computer to do a specific task
53
2 tyoes of software
System software and application software
54
System software
It is a collection of single or multiple programs which manage or control the overall performance and operation of a computer syustem.
55
O.S
It is an interface between hardware and software of a computer . It manages the overall fuctionality of the computer.
56
Shell
It is an interface and the outermost layer of the OS that handles the interaction with the users
57
Kernel
IT is an interface and the core compnenet of the OS that handles the interaction between data processing and applications done at the harware level.
58
Single USER OS
ALLOWS ONE USER TO WORK ON ONE COMPUTER AT A TIME - WINDOWS XP
59
MULTIUSER OS
NUMBER OF USERS TO WORK TOGETHER ON A SINGLE COMPUTER - UNIX
60
SINGLE TASKING OS
EXCECUTES ONLY A SINGLE JOB/TASK - MS DOS
61
MULTITASKING OS
EXCEUTES MORE THAN ONE TASK - WINDOWS 2012
62
MULTIPROGRAMMING OS
SEVERAL PROGRAMMS CAN BE RUN AT THE SAME TIME USING TIME SHARING MECHANISM - LINUX
63
REAL TIME OS
RESPONDS TO AN EVENT WITHIN A PREDTERMINED TIME - WINDOWS CE
64
BATCH PROCESSING OS
SIMILAR TYPES OF TASKS ARE GROUPED UNDER BATCH and then they are exceuted without any user interruption - MS DOS
65
MULTIPROCESSING OS
IT USES MORE THAN TWO CPU'S WITHIN A SINGLE COMPUTER SYSTEM - LINUX AND UNIC
66
DOS
It is a type of a operating system that runs from a hard disk drive. It also refers to the specific family of DOS known as Microsoft disl operating system ---- multiple networkig - -text editiong sunctions - multiple directories -enhanced management of memory -Dis comprssion and fragementation
67
Language processor
LP is known as translator that converts the program written in high level language into low level language
68
Device drivers
In order to run input /o devices ther is a need of driver which translates the commands from th os into commands that the spceific harware can understand

ICT Skills (1 decks)

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