ICT: Lesson 4 Flashcards
Two or more computers that are connected form what?
A Network
LAN
Local area network
A group of connected computers confined within a
small geographic area
It can range in size and scale based on their use
Examples include a home network, a school’s network or a small office’s network
Local area network (LAN)
MAN
Metropolitan area network
Designated for a network connection within a large city or multiple small cities
This is much larger
than a LAN because it covers a large geographic area
This are commonly operated by local governments or private companies
Metropolitan area network (MAN)
WAN
Wide area network
The largest network type
Connects two or more LANs together
This network is typically owned and maintained by the owner of the LANs that it connects
The largest of this network in existence is the Internet
Large corporations that span multiple cities, states or countries.
Wide area network (WAN)
Designed for a company’s employees to share
internal
information.
Cannot be accessed by anyone without company
permission
and a user/password assigned by the company.
Intranet
Similar to an Intranet, but is usually designed for the company’s customers to also access.
Extranet
This Network secure networks designed to allow access to a specific group of people.
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
How the network is designed to share information.
Network Typology
Connects devices through one physical line called a bus cable
Information can flow in only one direction
Only one computer can send data at a time
Requires a device called a terminator at the end of the cable to prevent information from bouncing back if it reaches the end
If the bus cable fails, then the entire network will malfunction
Bus
Each computer in the network connects to the same single network device
The network device receives information from each computer and transmits it accordingly
Capable of high speeds because multiple computers can communicate simultaneously
If one computer or cable fails, the rest of the network will still function
Most common topology used today
Star
Connects all computers in the network through a single line
Only one computer can send data at a time
A computer must possess the “token’’ in order to send data on the network
The token is passed in a clockwise direction
If the main cable fails, then the entire network will malfunction
Ring (aka Token Ring)
Each computer has a dedicated connection to every other computer in the network
If one cable fails, the rest of the network still functions normally
The most secure and reliable topology
Also the most expensive topology due to the amount of cable required to run a dedicated line to each computer
Mesh
End user’s computer – processes the information
Client Network Model
A powerful computer that stores information and processes requests from the connected clients
file sharing
print sharing
e-mail
Server Network Model
An access point to the mainframe that provides a connection for a keyboard, mouse and monitor Is NOT an actual computer and cannot process the information
Terminal Network Model
An access point to the mainframe that provides a connection for a keyboard, mouse and monitor Is NOT an actual computer and cannot process the information
Terminal Network Model
This computer runs all programs directly on the mainframe
Mainframe Network Model
Clients are attached to each other to share files or printers
There is no server
Peer to Peer Model
Computer(s)
— desktop, notebook, tablet, mobile device
Operating system
— Windows, Linux, Mac OS, mobile OS
Network media
Network hardware
Network protocol
Requirements to Connect to a Network
wired or wireless connections
Network media
physical hardware connecting computers across the network
Network hardware
