ICT FINALS Flashcards by Tsion Meseret

Need Five types of internal hardware, components, and external hardware components

Internal:Graphic card,Processor,Ram/rom,Motherboard
External: keyboard, mouse, monitor scanner, and printer

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Name two characteristics of Ram

Volatile
Temporary

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Name two characteristics of Ram

Volatile
Temporary

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Name two characteristics of Rom

Permanent
Nonvolatile

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Which device makes solid objects

3-D printer

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Data entry devices
Contactless credit card

RFID

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Multiple-choice answers in an examination paper

OMR

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To scan items in a computerized way and It’s used to scan barcode, which contains unique information about product

Barcode scanner

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5 input devices

Keyboard,mouse,joystick,microphone,scanner

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5output devices

Speaker,printer,monitor, fax machine,headset

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Divided into two:

Application software
System software

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Applications software:

Is software used to perform specific tasks

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Examples of application software:

Word processor
Image, editor

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Examples of System software

Operating system
Utilities
Compiler
Linker
Device driver

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Linker is one of the type of systems software
What is linker

It’s a computer program that takes files produced by compiler and combines them into a single program

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Compiler is one of them examples of systems software
What is compiler used for?

Is used to translate high-level language into machine codes

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Device device is an example of system software
What is the device driver

Enables hardware devices to communicate with computers, operating system
Without drivers a hardware, such as printer wouldn’t be able to operate

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Digital

Fixed value

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Analogue data

Continuous quality

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Types of operating system

Command line interface
Graphic user interference

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Command line interface

Requires users to type instructions allows users to interact with computer using the keyboard

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Advantages of command line interface

User is indirect communication with the computer
It is possible to alter computer configuration

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Disadvantages of command line interface

User needs to learn all the commands
All commands must be correct
All the commands are to be typed

Graphic user interface

Allows users to interact with computer, using pictures or icons

Advantages of graphical user interface

The user does not need to learn all the commands It is user-friendly

Disadvantages of graphical user interface

Needs more memory User is limited to icons

Types of computers:

Personal/desktop computer Laptop/notebook Smart phone Tablet Smart watch Mainframe computer

Advantage and disadvantage of Personal/desktop computer:

Advantage: unlikely to get damaged, stable Wi-Fi, affordable Disadvantage: not portable, takes more desk. Space, have to carry all the components to move it

Advantage and disadvantage of Laptop/notebook

advantage: light weight,portable Disadvantage : easy to be stolen,expensive

Advantage and disadvantage of tablets

Advantage: portable, Fast to switch on Disadvantage : limited memory, and storage space, expensive

Advantage and disadvantage of smart phone

Advantage: small size, lightweight Disadvantage small screen, easy for theft

Advantage and disadvantage of smart watch

Advantage, easy to monitor health and fitness delivery notification straight to the users Disadvantage, small screen, unattractive compared to normal watches

Uses of smart phone

Texting Listening to music Video chat Can track Health and fitness

There are two types of mouses

Touchpad Trackball

Magnetic stripe reader:

Used to read data found on magnetic stripes

Chip pin reader

Used to make secure payment with POS

RIFD

Contactless cards

MICR

Able to read characters printed in special ink

Is able to read mark’s written in pen or pencil mostly used for choice exams

OMR

Optical character reader( OCR)

Scans texts from hardcopies and convert it into editableforms.used in immigration systems

Barcode reader

Is the scan barcode which contains unique information about products

List input devices

Mouse, remote, joystick, driving wheel, touchscreen scanner, digital camera, graphic lighten WebCam microphone

Output devices

actuator

Advantage and disadvantage of projector

Advantage: able to project to break screens and users can gather around at one place Disadvantage: expensive,obstacles can block the screen

Types of printers

Inkjet printer Laser printer Dotmatrix printer Wide format printer 3-D printer

Uses of fixed hardware drive

Gaming ,system backups ,performance enhancement

Serial/sequential access

Files are stored one by one in sequence Example magnetic tape

Random/direct access

Stores files so they can instantly be accessed example DVD CD Blu-ray

Types of CD

CD-r(recordable) CD-rom(read only) CD-rw(rewritten) read,deletes,stores

DVD

Movies,Computer games and software applications

Blue-ray

25-125GB(Doesn’t it work in CD players, used to HD movies and

Only recordable once

CDR and DVDR

Advantage of CDR and DVDR

Cheap

Disadvantage of CDR and DVDR

If it is damage, it can’t be reused

Allows data to be written or erased and rewritten

CD-RW and DVD-RW