Icing Flashcards

0
Q

When does active frost form

A

Frost will form on an unprotected surface, or re-form on a surface protected with de/anti-icing fluid when the holdover time has expired

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1
Q

Definition of anti-icing

A

It is a procedure in which an Aircraft Anti-Ice Fluid (AAF) is supplied to a surface free of frozen contaminants for a limited period of time

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2
Q

What is clear ice

A

Clear ice is a coating of ice, generally clear and smooth, but with some air pockets. It is formed on exposed objects at temperatures below, or slightly above freezing temperature, with freezing of super-cooled drizzle, droplets or raindrops.

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3
Q

Definition of de-icing

A

De-icing is a procedure by which frost, ice, snow or slush is removed from an aircraft by use of a heated Aircraft De-Icing fluid (ADF), to provide surfaces free of contamination.

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4
Q

Definition of icing condition

A

When OAT on ground, or TAT in flight is at or below +10°C and there is visible moisture in the air, such as clouds, rain, ice crystals or fog with a visibility of 1 mile or less, or there is standing water, slush, ice or snow present on the taxiways or the runway.

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5
Q

When shall engine anti ice be selected on

A

When in icing conditions and temp is between +10°C to -40°C in climb and cruise, and anytime the temp is lower than +10°C in descent

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6
Q

What is the minimum speed in extended icing conditions

A

VLS +15 kt in clean configuration, or VLS +5 kt

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7
Q

How much shall landing distance be increased with in extended icing conditions

A

Multiply landing distance with 1.1

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8
Q

When is FAN ICE SHEDDING procedure required

A

When on ground in icing conditions with NO freezing fog in temp of +3C or below

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9
Q

Describe the FAN ICE SHEDDING procedure

A

Increase N1 to 50% for 10 sec for every hour on the ground, and before takeoff

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10
Q

What is required if freezing fog is present

A

Apply the CORE ICE SHEDDING procedure

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11
Q

Describe the ICE CORE SHEDDING procedure

A

Increase

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12
Q

What is the maximum cumulative taxi time in freezing fog

A

45 min

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13
Q

What action need to be taken after taxi in freezing fog

A

Write up total taxi time in the tech log

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14
Q

If taxing out for departure in freezing fog, and the taxi time is less than 45 min, is an log book entry required

A

No

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15
Q

Icing conditions are deemed severe if

A

When there is approximately 5 mm of ice accretion on the airframe

16
Q

When using rain repellent, how long does it take for the windows to be covered

A

30 sec

17
Q

Ground power should be used for APU start if OAT is

A

-15°C or lower

18
Q

How long does IRS alignment take if OAT is -15°C or lower

A

15 minutes

19
Q

What type of icing is acceptable on the aircraft surface

A

Thin hoarfrost on the upper surface of the fuselage and underside the wing tank area. Maximum layer of 3 mm of hoarfrost

20
Q

When does hoarfrost form

A

On a cold and cloudless night

21
Q

Hoarfrost is thin enough to…

A

Distinguish surface features underneath

22
Q

When is the probe/window heat switched to auto

A

After the first engine start

23
Q

Cold soak can occur in ambient temp range of…. And the aircraft structure temp of…

A

-2°C to +15°C, 0°C or below

24
Q

In what visibility does freezing fog occur

A

Less than 1km

25
Q

When does the start of the holdover time begin

A

At the start of the anti-ice treatment

26
Q

How is a pre-takeoff contamination inspection carried out

A

By a flight crew member from inside the aircraft, within 5 min of takeoff

27
Q

How is a pre-takeoff contamination check carried out

A

Externally by ground crew if the HOT has been exceeded, also within 5 min of takeoff

28
Q

What are the lower vs the higher HOT values for

A

Moderated vs light precipitation

29
Q

Where are the HOT tables for heavy precipitation found

A

They do not exist

30
Q

Under which precipitation condition is takeoff not allowed

A

Moderate or heavy freezing rain

31
Q

What is the definition of a contaminated runway

A

More than 25% of the runway is covered by snow, slush, standing water, ice or compacted snow

32
Q

When is a runway surface considered wet

A

When the surface is covered with 3 mm of…

33
Q

What are the considerations when taxi out in icing conditions

A

• at speeds below 10 kt: Anti-skid deactivates
• Engine anti-ice will increase ground idle thrust
• To minimize the risk of skidding during turns, avoid large tiller inputs