ICE Flashcards
What are the four main parts of a 1 cylinder engine
Cylinder
Piston
Crankshaft
Connecting rod
What parts of the engine change reciprocating energy to rotary motion
Connecting rod and crank shaft
What is top dead center
The instant that motion changes from up to down
What happens during the intake stroke
Piston moves downward and intake valve opens
When does the compression stroke begin
When piston is at BDC with both valves closed
When does the power stroke begin
When the piston is at TDC and spark is introduced
What PSI is diesel compression normally
500PSI
What angles do V-type engines usually come in
45, 50, 55, 60, and 90
What pressure do gas direction injectors operate at
Up to 30,000 PSI
What are the 6 types of fuel injection systems
Individual pump
Multi plunger
Unit injector
Pressure time injector
Distributor pump
Common rail
What is the job of a fuel injector
-Pressurizes
-Meters
-Times
-Atomizes
For a single cylinder
What ways are cam shafts connected to the crank shaft
-belt
-Chain
-Gear
How are water pumps driven
Normally by belt, but can be gear driven
Which radiator hose is the return hose
Upper hose
What connects the radiator to the engine
The thermostat
What radiator hose goes to the engine
Bottom hose
What does the bottom radiator hose connect together
Radiator to the water pump
What are the two types of engine cooling fans
Engine powered
Electric
What unit is used to grade gasoline
Octane
What is octane
The ability to resist knock or ping
What unit is used to grade diesel fuel
Cetane
What does cetane measure
Cold start ability
What is the original formula for horse power
A horse can lift 330lbs 100ft in 1 minute
what is frictional horse power
The power needed to over come engine friction
How is cylinder size determined
By bore diameter and stroke
What is the formula for piston displacement
Displacement=3.14 x radius squared x stroke
Compression ratio formula is
BDC volume : TDC volume
What is the normal range of diesel compression ratios
17:1- 25:1
How many piston rings are generally used in a diesel engine
4
On a 4 stroke engine at what speed does the cam turn
1/2 of crank speed
What angles are valve seats usually cut
30- 45 degrees
How big are cam shaft gears
Double the size of the crank shaft gear
What is the typical clearance for an intake valve
.014”
What is the typical clearance for an exhaust valve
.016”
What conditions can a compression test be used to troubleshoot
Engine misfire
Rough idle
Puffing noise
What can cause low compression
Blown head gasket
Engine damage
Burnt valves
Valve train adjustment
Bad timing
How much oil is used in a wet compression test
1 table spoon of 30w in the cylinder
What is does it mean if compression increases during a wet compression test
Worn piston rings or bad cylinder
What is does it mean if compression stays the same (low) during a wet compression test
Valve or head gasket issue
What effect does elevation have on vacuum
For every 1,000 feet gained pressure increases 1 inch
What does 1 horse power equal
1hp= 33,000 ft/lb in 1 minute
What is brake horse power BHP
The power measured at the fly wheel
What causes excessive oil consumption
External leakage
Burning in the combustion chamber
What cause low oil pressure
Restricted oil filter
Contaminated fuel
Crank shaft bearing clearance
Cam and rocker bearing clearance
Pump relief valve stuck open
Broken down oil
