ICD Evaluation

Question 1

+ WHO survey of clinicians

Answer 1

The WHO conducted a huge international survey of clinicians and
found a preference for simplicity and flexibility, suggesting that the
ICD-11 task force will be cautious about adding new disorders and
will merge disorders that are difficult to diagnose. This means the
system should become more ‘user-friendly’. Hopefully by virtue of
being easier to use, correct diagnoses should increase - Construct Validity

Question 2

• Comorbidity

Answer 2

Many disorders are comorbid with each other, meaning that they share a lot of similar symptoms - Construct Validity

Question 3

+ 80% agreement in diagnosis

Answer 3

Jansson et al. (2002) found that the ICD-10 and the DSM-IV gave in excess of an 80% agreement in diagnosis

Question 4

+ High kappa values

Answer 4

Galeazzi et al., (2004) arranged for two researchers to conduct a
joint interview to assess 100 consecutive clients for psychosomatic
symptoms. The kappa values ranged from 0.69-0.97 showing very
high agreement. This encourages confidence for using the ICD-10 at
least for some disorders - Inter-Rater reliability

Question 5

• PPV scores of only 55%

Answer 5

A study conducted by Ponizovsky et al., (2006) found PPV scores
(the proportion of people who retain the same diagnosis when
reassessed) as low as 55% for disorders such as childhood disorders
and personality disorders - Test-retest reliability

Question 6

+ High agreement between ICD and DSM

Answer 6

Hiller et al. (1992) compared ICD-10 to DSM-Ill. The ICD-10 gave
higher reliability for all disorders except for bipolar - Inter-Rater reliability