ICD-11 - Neurodevelopmental

Question 1

Neurodevelopmental Disorders Overview

Answer 1

Behavioral and cognitive disorders arising during the developmental period involving difficulties in intellectual, motor, language, or social functions. Excludes disorders like Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder unless core features are neurodevelopmental.

Question 2

Disorders of Intellectual Development

Answer 2

Conditions originating during the developmental period with significantly below-average intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, approximately two or more standard deviations below the mean.

Question 3

Disorder of Intellectual Development - Mild

Answer 3

Characterized by intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior approximately two to three standard deviations below the mean. Affected individuals often have difficulties with complex language concepts and academic skills but can achieve relatively independent living and employment.

Question 4

Disorder of Intellectual Development -Moderate

Answer 4

Characterized by intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior approximately three to four standard deviations below the mean. Language and academic skills are generally limited to basic skills. Most affected individuals require considerable support for independent living.

Question 5

Disorder of Intellectual Development - Severe

Answer 5

Characterized by intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior approximately four or more standard deviations below the mean. Affected individuals have very limited language and academic skills and typically require daily support in a supervised environment.

Question 6

Disorder of Intellectual Development - Profound

Answer 6

Characterized by intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior approximately four or more standard deviations below the mean. Affected individuals have very limited communication abilities and typically require daily support in a supervised environment.

Question 7

Disorder of Intellectual Development - Provisional

Answer 7

Assigned when there is evidence of a disorder of intellectual development but the individual is under four years old or assessment is not possible due to impairments.

Question 8

Developmental Speech or Language Disorders

Answer 8

Arise during the developmental period, characterized by difficulties in understanding or producing speech and language or using language for communication. Not attributable to regional, social, or cultural variations or anatomical/neurological abnormalities.

Question 9

Developmental Speech Sound Disorder

Answer 9

Characterized by difficulties in acquiring, producing, and perceiving speech resulting in pronunciation errors, reduced intelligibility, and significant communication issues. Not explained by hearing impairment or structural/neurological abnormalities.

Question 10

Developmental Speech Fluency Disorder

Answer 10

Characterized by frequent or pervasive disruption of normal speech rhythm and flow, including repetitions, prolongations, blocking, and word avoidance. Persistent over time and significantly impairs social communication.

Question 11

Developmental Language Disorder

Answer 11

Persistent deficits in the acquisition, understanding, production, or use of language, typically arising during early childhood. Causes significant limitations in communication and is not explained by other neurodevelopmental disorders or sensory/neurological conditions.

Question 12

Developmental Language Disorder with Impairment of Receptive and Expressive Language

Answer 12

Characterized by difficulties in understanding and producing language. Both receptive (understanding) and expressive (production) language abilities are markedly below expected levels.

Question 13

Developmental Language Disorder with Impairment of Mainly Expressive Language

Answer 13

Characterized by difficulties in producing and using language, with relatively intact receptive language abilities. Expressive language is markedly below expected levels.

Question 14

Developmental Language Disorder with Impairment of Mainly Pragmatic Language

Answer 14

Characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in social contexts. Pragmatic language abilities are markedly below expected levels, with other language components relatively intact.

Question 15

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 15

Characterized by persistent deficits in social interaction and communication, along with restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests. Symptoms typically arise in early childhood and cause significant impairment in functioning.

Question 16

Autism Spectrum Disorder without Disorder of Intellectual Development and with Mild or No Impairment of Functional Language

Answer 16

All requirements for autism spectrum disorder are met. Intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior are at least within the average range, with mild or no impairment in functional language.

Question 17

Autism Spectrum Disorder with Disorder of Intellectual Development and with Mild or No Impairment of Functional Language

Answer 17

All requirements for both autism spectrum disorder and disorder of intellectual development are met. Mild or no impairment in functional language.

Question 18

Autism Spectrum Disorder without Disorder of Intellectual Development and with Impaired Functional Language

Answer 18

All requirements for autism spectrum disorder are met. Intellectual functioning is at least within the average range, but there is marked impairment in functional language.

Question 19

Autism Spectrum Disorder with Disorder of Intellectual Development and with Impaired Functional Language

Answer 19

All requirements for both autism spectrum disorder and disorder of intellectual development are met. Marked impairment in functional language.

Question 20

Autism Spectrum Disorder with Disorder of Intellectual Development and with Absence of Functional Language

Answer 20

All requirements for both autism spectrum disorder and disorder of intellectual development are met. Complete or almost complete absence of functional language.

Question 21

Developmental Learning Disorder

Answer 21

Characterized by significant and persistent difficulties in learning academic skills such as reading, writing, or arithmetic. Not due to a disorder of intellectual development, sensory impairment, or lack of education.

Question 22

Developmental Learning Disorder with Impairment in Reading

Answer 22

Significant and persistent difficulties in learning reading-related academic skills such as word reading accuracy, reading fluency, and comprehension. Not due to other disorders or impairments.

Question 23

Developmental Learning Disorder with Impairment in Written Expression

Answer 23

Significant and persistent difficulties in learning writing-related academic skills such as spelling accuracy, grammar, and organization. Not due to other disorders or impairments.

Question 24

Developmental Learning Disorder with Impairment in Mathematics

Answer 24

Significant and persistent difficulties in learning mathematics-related academic skills such as number sense, accurate calculation, and mathematical reasoning. Not due to other disorders or impairments.

Question 25

Developmental Motor Coordination Disorder

Answer 25

Characterized by significant delay and impairment in acquiring and executing coordinated motor skills. Causes significant limitations in functioning and is not attributable to other disorders or impairments.

Question 26

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Answer 26

Characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity lasting at least 6 months, impacting academic, occupational, or social functioning. Symptoms must be evident before age 12.

Question 27

ADHD - Predominantly Inattentive Presentation

Answer 27

Inattentive symptoms are predominant, including difficulty sustaining attention, distractibility, and organizational problems. Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms may be present but are not clinically significant.

Question 28

ADHD - Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation

Answer 28

Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms are predominant, including excessive motor activity and impulsivity. Inattentive symptoms may be present but are not clinically significant.

Question 29

ADHD - Combined Presentation

Answer 29

Both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms are clinically significant. Inattention includes difficulty sustaining attention and distractibility. Hyperactivity includes excessive motor activity and impulsivity.

Question 30

Stereotyped Movement Disorder

Answer 30

Characterized by voluntary, repetitive, stereotyped, apparently purposeless movements that interfere with normal activities or result in self-inflicted injury. Not caused by substance use or medication.

Question 31

Stereotyped Movement Disorder without Self-Injury

Answer 31

Stereotyped behaviors markedly interfere with normal activities but do not result in self-inflicted injury. Examples include body rocking, head rocking, and hand flapping.

Question 32

Stereotyped Movement Disorder with Self-Injury

Answer 32

Stereotyped behaviors result in self-inflicted injury significant enough to require medical treatment or would result in injury without protective measures. Examples include head banging and self-biting.

Question 33

Other Specified Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Answer 33

Includes neurodevelopmental disorders that do not fit into the specified categories but still meet the criteria for a neurodevelopmental disorder.

Question 34

Unspecified Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Answer 34

Includes neurodevelopmental disorders that meet the criteria but lack sufficient information for a specific diagnosis.