IC1 Musculoskeletal Anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
What are the functions of bones?
A
- Provide support
- Aid movement
- Calcium & phosphorus storage
- Electrolyte balance
- Energy storage
2
Q
What are the 3 types of cells present in bone?
A
- Osteoblasts - generate new bone matrix & osteocytes
- Osteoclasts - bone resorption & remodeling
- Osteocyte - bone maintenance & remodeling
3
Q
What are the 2 reasons that lead to osteoporosis?
A
- Too much bone resorption
- Too little bone formation
4
Q
What does spongy bone contain?
A
Red bone marrow
5
Q
What are the 6 bones present in the skull that we need to know?
A
- Frontal bone
- Parietal bone
- Occipital bone
- Temporal bone
- Maxilla bone
- Mandible
6
Q
What is the type of cell that makes cartilage in the body?
A
Chondrocytes
7
Q
What are the 3 types of cartilage?
A
- Hyaline cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
- Elastic cartilage
8
Q
What are thin myofilaments made of?
A
Actin
9
Q
What are thick myofilaments made of?
A
Myosin
10
Q
What are some muscles that we must know and identify in an anatomical diagram of the human MSK system?
A
- Biceps
- Triceps
- Pectoral major - chest muscles
- Deltoid - muscle at your shoulder blades
- Rectus abdominis - ab muscles
- Bicep femoris - aka hamstrings
- Quadricep femoris - aka quad muscles
11
Q
What are the functions of skeletal muscles?
A
- Produce movement
- Maintain posture, position, stability
- Maintain body temperature
- Support & protect
- Guard entrances & exits - e.g. sphincters
12
Q
What is a joint?
A
A joint is a site where 2 or more bones are in contact.
13
Q
What are the 4 main types of synovial joints?
A
- Ball & socket - e.g shoulder & hip
- Hinge joint - e.g elbow, knee
- Pivot joint - radioulnar joint
- Planar joint - intercarpal joint
14
Q
Which muscles contract to produce knee extension?
A
- Quads
- Gastrocnemius
- Sartorius
- Bicep femoris - hamstring
