IBD Flashcards
What is Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term used to describe conditions that cause severe tummy pain and diarrhoea. IBD is long-term, but there are treatments that can help with the symptoms.
the main 2 types of IBS are Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s disease.
Aetiology (cause)
Pathophysiology (Disease development, disease progress, consequences on the body) of IBD
Aetiology - cause
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Its not fully understood yet, However its could be influenced by lifestyle and diet, geneticcaly or by the inappropriate immune response to the intestinal flora.
Pathophysiology of IBD
Symptoms:
- Diarrhoea. This is sometimes mixed with blood, mucus and pus.
- Severe abdominal pain
- Tiredness and fatigue.
- Feeling generally unwell.
- Loss of appetite and loss of weight.
- Anaemia(a reduced number of red blood cells).
- Mouth ulcers.
Some people with IBD, particularly Crohn’s, may develop complications, including:
* Strictures.
* Fistulas.
IBD can sometimes affect other parts of the body, including:
* Joint nflammations, often known as arthritis. It usually affects elbows, wrists, knees and ankles.
Eye inflammation. The most common is known as episcleritis.
Diagnosis
Bloody stools, abdominal pain, weight loss
Checking family history IBD, travel history, abdominal mass
Endoscopy
Suspected UC: Flexible semignoidoscopy with biopsies +/-full colonoscopy -only indicated if diagnosed of UC is unclear
Suspected CD: Colonoscopy if symptomatic with SB CD:
Small bowel contrast studies
SB MRI or CT to assess complications such: fistulae/ strictures/ abscesses
Capsule endoscopy if stricture excluded
Gastroscopy (OGD) if upper GI symptoms
