IB 3 Flashcards
culture (+ cultural convergence)
set of values, beliefs, rules, and institutions held by a specific group of people
- pop idol
- american idol
- iraq idol
ethnocentricity
belief that one’s own ethnic group or culture is superior to that of others
cross-cultural literacy
detailed knowledge about a culture that enables a person to work happily and effectively within it
subcultures
group of people who share a unique way of life within a larger, dominant culture
- can differ from the dominant culture in
language, race, lifestyle, values, attitudes, or other characteristics
- can exist across borders
culture in the physical environment (3)
- land features affect personal communication in a culture
- physical environment affects consumers’ product needs
- climate can play a role in determining work habits
values
ideas, beliefs, and customs to which people are emotionally attached (honesty, freedom, responsability)
- affect people’s work ethics
attitudes
positive or negative evaluations, feelings, and tendencies that individuals harbor toward objects or concepts
- learned from role models
- differ in countries bc formed in a cultural context
aesthetics
aspects a culture considers “good taste”
in the arts, the imagery evoked by certain expressions, and the symbolism of certain colors
- important for a business to know
behaviors (manners, customs (folk, popular))
manners: appropriate ways of behaving, speaking, and dressing in a culture
customs: habits or ways of behaving in specific circumstances that are passed
down through generations in a culture
- folk: behavior, dating back, that is practiced by a homogenous group of persons
- popular: shared by a heterogeneous group or by several groups
christianity (where, when, how many)
- palestine
- 2 000y ago
- 2 billion followers
- more than 300 denominations
- largest
islam (where, when, who, how many)
- mecca
- AD 600
- muhammad
- 1.3 billion followers
- five pillars of faith
hinduism (where, when, how many)
- present day india
- 4 000y ago
- 900mil followers
- way of life
- disdain materialism
buddhism (where, when)
- india
- 2 600y ago
- rejects caste system of indian society
- three jewels
judaism (when, how many)
- 3 000y old
- 18mil followers
- single god
- some foods are banned
confucianism (who, where, when)
- confucius
- china
- 2 500y ago
communication (spoken and body)
system of conveying thoughts, feelings, knowledge, and information through speech, writing, and actions
spoken
- language blunders
- lingua franca
body
- through unspoken cues, including hand gestures, facial expressions, physical greetings, eye contact, and the manipulation of personal space
2 ways to perceive time
polychronic (p-time): engage less in advance planning and to do things according to their own schedule
monochromic (m-time): well-defined, advance schedules for deadlines, meetings, and so forth
cultural trait
represents a culture’s way of life, including gestures, material objects, traditions, and concepts
cultural diffusion
process whereby cultural traits spread from one culture to another (change)
cultural imperialism
replacement of one culture’s traditions, folk heroes, and artifacts with substitutes from another
- cie changes cultures vs cultures change cie
