I. Fundamentals of Testing - Quizzes

Question 1

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which one of the following answers describes a test condition?
a. A distinguishing characteristic of a comoponent or system
b. A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for testing
c. The degree to which a software product provides function that meet stated and implied needs when the software is used under specified conditions
d. Test cases designed to execute combinations of conditions and actions resulting from them

Answer 1

b. A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for testing

Question 2

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which of the following provides the definition of the term test case?
a. Subset of the value domain of a variable within a component or system in which all values are expected to be treated the same based on the specification
b. A source to determine an expected result to compare with the actual result of the system under test
c. Work products produced during the test process for use in planning, designing, executing, evaluating, and reporting on testing
d. A set of preconditions, inputs, actions (where applicable), expected results, and postconditions, developd based on test conditions.

Answer 2

d. A set of preconditions, inputs, actions (where applicable), expected results, and postconditions, developd based on test conditions.

Question 3

I. Fundamentals of Testing

What is quality?
a. Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled
b. The degree to which a work product satisfies the stated and implied needs of its stakeholders
c. The degree to which a component or system protects information and data so that persons or other components or systems have the degree of access appropriate for their types nad levels of authorization
d. The total costs incurred on quality activties and issues and often split into prevention costs, appraisal costs, internal failure cost, and external failure cost

Answer 3

b. The degree to which a work product satisfies the stated and implied needs of its stakeholders

Question 4

I. Fundamentals of Testing

According to the ISTQB Glossary, the word ‘Error’ is synonymous to which of the following words?
a. Flaw
b. Bug
c. Defect
d. Mistake

Answer 4

d. Mistake

Question 5

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Consider the following definitions and match the term with the definition:
1. A reason or purpose for designing and executing a test
2. The component or system to be tested
3. Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective evidence the specified requirements have been fulfilled

a. 1. Test Object 2. Test Objective 3. Validation
b. 1. Test Objective 2. Test Object 3. Validation
c. 1. Validation 2. Test Basis 3. Verification
d. 1. Test Objective 2. Test Object 3. Verification

Answer 5

d. 1. Test Objective 2. Test Object 3. Verification

Question 6

I. Fundamentals of Testing

According to the ISTQB Glossary, what is the coverage?
a. An attribute or combination of attributes that are derived from one or more test conditions by using a test technique that enables the measurement of the thorouhgness of the test execution.
b. The degree to which specified tests have been run, compared to the full sets of tests that could have been run
c. The degree to which specified coverage items are exercised by a test suite, expressed as a percentage
d. The degree to which tests have been automated, compared to tests that could have been automated.

Answer 6

c. The degree to which specified coverage items are exercised by a test suite, expressed as a percentage

Question 7

I. Fundamentals of Testing

What is the test basis?
a. The point during software development when testing should start
b. The body of knowledge used for test analysis and design
c. A source to detemrine an unexpected result to compare with the actual result of the system under test
d. The method used to systematically devise test conditions

Answer 7

b. The body of knowledge used for test analysis and design

Question 8

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which of the following provides the definition of the term QA?
a. Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled
b. The process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes of failures in a component or system
c. Activities designed to evaluate the quality of a component or system
d. The process within the software development lifecycle that evaluates the quality of a component or system and related work products

Answer 8

a. Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled

Question 9

Fundamentals of Testing

What is the mistake?
a. An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits
b. An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not emet its requirements or specifications
c. A human action that produces an incorrect result
d. A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect ype is decreased or removed

Answer 9

c. A human action that produces an incorrect result

Question 10

I. Fundamentals of Testing

According to the ISTQB Glossary, the word ‘bug’ is synonymous with which of the following words?
a. Incident
b. Fault
c. Mistake
d. Error

Answer 10

b. Fault

Question 11

I. Fundamentals of Testing

What is the failure?
a. An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits
b. An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications
c. A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed
d. Bug found during Design phase

Answer 11

A. An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits

Question 12

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Consider the following definitions and match the term (1-4) with the definition (A-D)

1. Test Monitoring
2. Test Planning
3. Test Control
4. Test Completion

a. The activity that develops and applies corrective actions to get a test project on track when it deviates from what was planned
b. The activity of establishing or updating a test plan
c. The activity that checks the status of testing activities, identifies any variances from planned or expected, and report teh status to stakeholders
d. The activity that makes testware available for later use, leaves test environment in a satisfactory condition and communicates the results of testing to relevant stakeholders.

a. 1a, 2b, 3c, 4d
b. 1d, 2b, 3a, 4c
c. 1c, 2b, 3a, 4d
d. 1c, 2b, 3d, 4a

Answer 12

c. 1c, 2b, 3a, 4d

Question 13

I. Fundamentals of Testing

What is testing?
a. Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled
b. The process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes of failures in a component or system
c. Activities designed to evaluate the quality of a component or system
d. The process within the software development lifecycle that evaluates the quality of a component or system and related work products

Answer 13

d. The process within the software development lifecycle that evaluates the quality of a component or system and related work products.

Question 14

I. Fundamentals of Testing

What is the root cause?
a. An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits
b. An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements of specifications
c. A human action that produces an incorrect result
d. A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.

Answer 14

d. A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.

Question 15

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Consider the following definitions and match the term (1-4) with the definition (A-D)
1. Fault
2. Root cause
3. Error
4. Failure

A. A human action that produces an incorrect result
B. A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed
C. An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits
D. An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications

a) 1B, 2D, 3A, 4C
b) 1D, 2B, 3A, 4C
c) 1D, 2B, 3C, 4A
d) 1B, 2A, 3C, 4D

Answer 15

b) 1D, 2B, 3A, 4C

Question 16

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which of the following provides the definition of term test procedure?
a) Work products produced during the test process for use in planning, designing, executing, evaluating, and reporting on testing

b) A sequence of test cases in execution order, and any associated actions that may be required to set up the initial preconditions and any wrap-up activities post-execution

c) A two-dimensional table, which correlates two entities (e.g., requirements and test cases). The table allows tracing back and borth the links of one entity to the other, thus enabling the determination of coverage achieved and the assessment of the impact of proposed changes.

d) The consequence/outcome of the execution of a test

Answer 16

b. A sequence of test cases in execution order, and any associated actions that may be required to set up the initial preconditions and any wrap-up activities post-execution.

Question 17

I. Fundamentals of Testing

What is the test basis?
a. A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for testing
b. Data needed for test execution
c. The work product to be tested
d. The body of knowledge used as the basis for test analysis and design

Answer 17

d. The body of knowledge used as the basis for test analysis and design

Question 18

I. Fundamentals of Testing

According to the ISTQB Glossary, what do we mean when we call someone a tester?
a. A person who manages a team of junior testers
b. A person who performs testing
c. A person who sets up test environments
d. A person who creates a detailed test execution schedule

Answer 18

b. A person who performs testing

Question 19

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Consider the following definitions and match the term (1-4) with the definition (A-D)
1. Quality Assurance
2. Quality Control
3. Validation
4. Verification

A. Confirmation by examination that a work product matches a stakeholder’s needs
B. Activities designed to evaluate the quality of a component or system
C. Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled
D. Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled

a) 1B, 2D, 3A, 4C
b) 1D, 2B, 3C, 4A
c) 1D, 2B, 3A, 4C
d) 1A, 2C, 3D, 4B

Answer 19

c) 1D, 2B, 3A, 4C

Validation - Stakeholders needs
Verification - Requirements is fulfilled

Question 20

I. Fundamentals of Testing

According to the ISTQB Glossary, what do we mean when we call someone a test manager?

a. A person who managed a team of junior testers
b. The person responsible for the evaluation of a test object
c. A person who sets up test environments
d. A person who creates a detailed test execution schedule

Answer 20

b. The person responsible for the evaluation of a test object

Question 21

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which of the following provides the definition of the term test object?
a. A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for testing
b. Data needed for test execution
c. The work product to be tested
d. The body of knowledge used as the basis for test analysis and design

Answer 21

c. The work product to be tested

Question 22

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which one of the following answers describes test data?
a. A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for testing
b. Data needed for test execution
c. The work product to be tested
d. The body of knowledge used as the basis for test analysis and design

Answer 22

b. Data needed for test execution

Question 23

I. Fundamentals of Testing

What is the fault?
a. An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits
b. An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements
c. A human action that produces an incorrect result
d. A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.

Answer 23

b. An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications

Question 24

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which one of the following answers descries a testware?
a. Work products produced during the test process for use in planning, designing, executing, evaluating, and reporting on testing
b. A sequence of test cases in execution order, and any associated actions that may be required to set up the initial preconditions and any wrap-up activities post-execution
c. A two-dimensional table, which correlates two entities (e.g., requirements and test cases). The tale allows tracing back and forth the links of one entity to the other, thus enabling the determination of coverage achieved and the assessment of the impact of proposed changes
d. The consequence/outcome of the execution of a test

Answer 24

a. Work products produced during the test process for use in planning, designing, executing, evaluating, and reporting on testing

Question 25

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Consider the following definitions and match the term (1-4) with the definition (A-D)
1. Test analysis
2. Test execution
3. Test implementation
4. Test design

A. The activity that derives and specifies test cases from test condition
B. The activity that prepares the testware needed for test execution based on test analysis and design
C. The activity that runs a test on a component or system producing actual results
D. The activity that identifies test conditions by analyzing the test basis

a) 1B, 2C, 3D, 4A
b) 1A, 2C, 3B, 4D
c) 1D, 2C, 3A, 4B
d) 1D, 2C, 3B, 4A

Answer 25

d) 1D, 2C, 3B, 4A

Question 26

I. Fundamentals of Testing

According to the ISTQB Glossary, the word ‘Fault’ is synonymous with which of the following words?

a. Failure
b. Mistake
c. Defect
d. Error

Answer 26

c. Defect

Question 27

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which of the following provides the definition of the term “debugging”?
a. The process of finding, analyzing and removing the causes of failures in a component or system
b. An analysis technique aimed at idenfiying the root causes of defects
c. The activities performed at each stage in software development, and how they relate to one another logically and chronologically
d. An approach to software development in which the test cases are designed and implemented before the associated component or system is developed.

Answer 27

a. The process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes of failures in a component or system

Question 28

I. Fundamentals of Testing

Which one of the following answers describes a QC?
a. Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled
b. The process of finding analyzing, and removing the causes of failures in a component or system
c. Activities designed to evaluate the quality of a component or system
d. The process within the software development lifecycle that evaluates the quality of a component or system and related work products

Answer 28

c. Activities designed to evaluate the quality of a component or system

Question 29

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following ststaments describes a typical test objective?
a. Plan and follow those test activities that were successful on previous projects
b. Trigerring failures and finding defects in the system under test
c. Determine the resources of the test environment and the software versions that need to be installed
d. Verifying whether the test object works as expected by the stakeholders and validating whether specified requirements have been fulfilled

Answer 29

b. Trigerring failures and finding defects in the system under test

Question 30

1.1 What is Testing?

What is the sequence of activities in the typical debugging process when dynamic testing triggers a failure in the software?

a. Reproduction of a failure, diagnosis, fixing the cause
b. Finding the root cause, reproduction of failure, fixing the defect
c. Finding the root cause, fixing the defect, confirmation
d. Reproduction of a failure, requirement elicitation, and fixing the cause

Answer 30

a. Reproduction of a failure, Diagnosis (finding the root cause), Fixing the cause

Question 31

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements describes a valid test objective?
a. To prove that there are no unfixed defects in the system under test
b. To prove that there will be no failures after the implementation of the system into production
c. To reduce the risk level of the test object and to build confidence in the quality level
d. To verify that there are no untested combinations of inputs.

Answer 31

c. To reduce the risk level of the test object and to build confidence in the quality leve.

Question 32

1.1 What is Testing?

A failure was encountered during dynamic testing, and your task involves identifying and resolving the root cause of the failure.

What activity are you performing?

a. Root cause analysis
b. Confirmation testing
c. Debugging
d. Dynamic testing

Answer 32

c. Debugging

Question 33

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements describes a valid test objective?
a. Provide ready-made solutions to stakeholders if they lack knowledge
b. To provide evidence that the system under test has no remaining unfixed defects
c. Evaluating requirements and user stories
d. Use the test plan and test strategy that were successful in the previous project

Answer 33

c. Evaluating requirements and user stories

Question 34

1.1 What is testing?

After fixing a defect that was identified through dynamic testing, what activity should ideally follow to ensure the problem is resolved
a. Debugging
b. Confirmation testing
c. Reproduction of a failure
d. Regression testing

Answer 34

b. Confirmation testing

Question 35

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements in a valid objective for testing?
a. Building confidence in the quality level of the test object by reducing the risk level
b. To start testing immediately after the developers deploy the feature to the test environment
c. To validate that the system will operate without any failures after deployment into the production environment
d. Write a test plan with high-level test cases for more accurate estimates

Answer 35

a. Building confidence in the quality level of the test object by reducing the risk level

Question 36

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between testing and debugging?

a. Testing reproduces the failures; debugging eliminates the defects, which are the sources of failures
b. Dynamic testing directly finds defects in the test object; debugging fixes the cause
c. Testing checks whether the fixes resolved the problem; debugging reproduces a failure and finds the root cause
d. Testing triggers failures that are caused by defects; debugging checks whether the fixes are causing failures in other parts of the test object

Answer 36

c. Testing checks whether the fixes resolved the problem; debugging reproduces a failure and finds the root cause

Question 37

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following is a typical objective of testing?
a. To initiate testing immediately after the developers have completed coding the first module
b. Verifying whether the test object works as expected by the stakeholders and validating whether specified requirements have been fulfilled
c. To show that all defects in the system under test have been addressed and resolved
d. Validating whether the test object works as expected by the stakeholders and verifying whether specified requirements have been fulfilled.

Answer 37

d. Validating whether the test object works as expected by the stakeholders and verifying whether specified requirements have been fulfilled

Question 38

1.1 What is Testing?

A failure was encountered during dynamic testing. The developer found the cause of the failure and fixed the defect. Your task involves checking whether the fix caused failures in other parts of the system.

What activity are you performing?
a. Regression testing
b. Confirmation testing
c. Debugging
d. Reproduction of a failure.

Answer 38

a. Regression testing

Question 39

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following is USUALLY stated as a testing objective?
a. To confirm the accurate setup and configuration of the test environment
b. To validate the adherence of the test object to regulatory requirements
c. To validate that there are no unexplored input combinations, as all have been tested
d. Prioritize defect reports and insist on including those in the next release scope

Answer 39

b. To validate the adherence of the test object to regulatory requirements.

Question 40

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between testing and debugging?
a. Dynamic testing triggers failures that are caused by defects; debugging checks whether the fixes resolved the problem
b. Static testing triggers failures that are caused by defects; debugging finds the cause of defects and fixes them
c. Static testing directly finds defects in the test object; debugging finds the causes of defects and fixes them
d. Dynamic testing directly finds defects in the test object; debugging finds the causes of defects and fixes them

Answer 40

c. Static testing directly finds defects i nthe test object; debugging finds the causes of defects and fixes

Question 41

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following is NOT a valid testing objective?
a. Minimize the level of risk associated with inadequate software quality
b. Validate compliance with contractual, legal, and regulatory requirements
c. Evaluate various work products, including requirements, user stories, designs, and code
d. Analyzing the cause of failure

Answer 41

d. Analyzing the cause of failure

Question 42

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between testing and debugging?
a. Testing identifies the source of defects; debugging analyzes the defects and proposes prevention activities
b. Dynamic testing shows failures caused by defects; debugging eliminates the defects, which are the source of failures
c. Testing removes faults; but debugging removes defects that cause the faults
d. Dynamic testing prevents the causes of failures; debugging removes the failures

Answer 42

b. Dynamic testing shows failures caused by defects; debugging eliminates the defects, which are the source of failures

Question 43

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following is a typical objective of testing?
a. To find defects and failures?
b. To validate the project plan works as required
c. Ensuring of complete testing
d. Comparing actual results with expected results

Answer 43

a. To find defects and failures

Question 44

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following is a typical test objective?
a. Triggering failures
b. Repairing defects
c. Comparing actual results to expected results
d. Analyzing the cause of failure

Answer 44

a. Trigerring failures

Question 45

1.1 What is Testing?

You were given a task to check whether the fixes resolved the problem. Which activity are you performing?
a. Reproduction of a failure
b. Confirmation testing
c. Finding the root cause
d. Regression testing

Answer 45

b. Confirmation testing

Question 46

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements describes a valid test objective?
a. To validate that the project follows the plan
b. Providing information to stakeholders to allow them to make informed decisions
c. Write a report on product quality
d. Provide stakeholders with information about each written test case

Answer 46

b. Providing information to stakeholders to allow them to make informed decisions

Question 47

1.1 What is Testing?

You were given a task to find the root cause. Which activity are you performing?
a. Validation
b. Testing
c. Debugging
d. Verification

Answer 47

c. Debugging

Question 48

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements is a valid objective for testing?
a. To validate whether the test object works as expected by the users and other stakeholders
b. The test should start as late as possible so that development had enough time to create a good product
c. To prove that all possible defects are identified
d. To prove that any remaining defects will not cause any failures

Answer 48

a. To validate whether the test object works as expected by the users and other stakeholders.

Question 49

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements describes a valid test objective?
a. Verifying that a test object complies with contractual, legal, and regulatory requirements
b. Prove that the system has no errors
c. Provide advice to stakeholders on improving the quality of products and processes
d. Make decisions about the release in the absence of the manager

Answer 49

a. Verifying that a test object complies with contractual, legal, and regulatory requiements

Question 50

1.1 What is Testing?

System test execution on a project is planned for eight weeks. After a week of testing, a tester suggests that the test objective stated in the test plan of ‘finding as many defects as possible during systme test’ might be more closly met by redirecting the test effort in what way?

a. By asking a selection of users what is most important for them, and testing that
b. By testing the main workflows of the business
c. By repeating the unit and integration tests
d. By testing in areas where the most defects have already been found

Answer 50

d. By testing in areas where the most defects have already been found

Question 51

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following is an example of debugging?
a. A tester finds a defect and reports it
b. A tester retests a fix from the developer and finds a regression
c. A developer finds and fixes a defect
d. A developer performs unit testing

Answer 51

c. A developer finds and fixes a defect

Question 52

1.1 What is Testing?

A company recently purchased a commercial off-the-shelf application to automate its bill-paying process. They now plan to run an acceptance test against the package prior to putting it into production. Which of the following is they most likely reason for testing?

a. To build confidence in the application
b. To detect bugs in the application
c. To gather evidence for a lawsuit
d. To train the users

Answer 52

a. To build confidence in the application

Question 53

1.1 What is Testing?

Test objectives vary between projects and so must be stated in the test plan. Which one of the following test objectives might conflict with the proper tester mindset?

a. Show that the system works before we ship it
b. Find as many defects as possible
c. Reduce the overall level of product risk
d. Prevent defects through early involvement

Answer 53

a. Show that the system works before we ship it

Question 54

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements contains a valuable objective for a test team?
a. Prove that the remaining defects will not cause any additional failures
b. Run all of the tests that are defined for the test object as quickly as possible
c. Prove that all faults have been identified
d. Cause as many failures as possible so that faults can be identified and corrected

Answer 54

d. Cause as many failures as possible so that faults can be identified and corrected.

Question 55

1.1 What is Testing?

In the context of testing and debugging, what is the primary purpose of confirmation testing?
a. To trigger failures caused by defects in the software
b. To find defects directly in the test object through static testing
c. To analyze and eliminate causes of failures identified during dynamic testing
d. To check whether the fixes resolved the problems after debugging

Answer 55

d. To check whether hte fixes resolved the problems after debugging

Question 56

1.1 What is Testing?

You were given a task to analyze and fix the causes of failures in a new system to be released.

What activity are yo uperforming
a. Debugging
b. Software testing
c. Requirement elicitation
d. Defect Management

Answer 56

a. Debugging

Question 57

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements describes a valid test objective?
a. To prove that all possible bugs are found
b. Prioritize defects reports and insist to include those into the release
c. Reducing the level of risk of inadequate software quality
d. Run a full regression test pack before each release

Answer 57

c. Reducing the level of risk of inadequate software quality

Question 58

1.1 What is Testing?

Which one of the following describes best the difference between testing and debugging?

a. Testing shows failures that are caused by defects. Debugging finds, analyzes, and removes the causes of failures in the software
b. Testing pinpoints the defects. Debugging analyzes the faults and proposes preventing activities
c. Testing removes faults. Debugging identifies the causes of failures
d. Testing often locates defects that are caused by failures. Debugging removes the failures

Answer 58

a. Testing shows failures that are caused by defects. Debugging finds, analyzes, and removes the causes of failures in the software.

Question 59

1.1 What is Testing?

You were given a task to find the root cause.
Which activity are you performing?
a. Dynamic analysis
b. Confirmation testing
c. Debugging
d. Defect Management

Answer 59

c. Debugging

Question 60

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements describes a valid test objective?
a. Ensuring the required coverage of a test object
b. Hiding information from stakeholders about test execution runs
c. Verifying whether the test object is complete and works as expected by the stakeholders
d. Validating whether specified requirements have been fulfilled

Answer 60

a. Ensuring the required coverage of a test object

Question 61

1.1 What is Testing?

Which activity is specific to the debugging process when static testing identifies a defect?
a. Reproduction of a failure
b. Requirement elicitation
c. Diagnosis
d. Removal of the identified defect

Answer 61

d. Removal of the identified defect

When static testing identifies a defect, the specific activity involved in the debugging process is the “removal of the identified defect.” In static testing, defects are identified without executing the code, typically through techniques like code reviews, inspections, walkthroughs, or static analysis. Since static testing directly finds defects without triggering failures, there is no need for reproduction or diagnosis, as required in dynamic testing. Instead, the identified defect is directly addressed and removed through necessary corrections in the code or related artifacts.

Question 62

1.1 What is Testing?

In the debugging process, what is the purpose of the diagnosis step?
a. To reproduce the failure in the test environment
b. To confirm that the defects have been resolved
c. To find the root cause of the failure identified during dynamic testing
d. To check whether the fixes are causing failures in other parts of the test object

Answer 62

c. To find the root cause of the failure identified during dynamic testing

Question 63

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following statements describes a valid test objective?
a. Automate all regression tests
b. Verifying that a test object complies with regulatory requirements
c. Triggering errors and defects
d. Run full regression test pack before each release except hotfixes

Answer 63

b. Verifying that a test object complies with regulatory requirements

Letter C is incorrect because it should be triggering failures and finding defects.

Question 64

1.1 What is Testing?

Which is not the testing activity:
a. Static testing
b. Trigerring failures
c. Finding faults
d. Diagnosis

Answer 64

d. Diagnosis

Question 65

1.1 What is Testing?

Which of the following should NOT normally be an objective for a test?
a. To find faults in the software
b. To ensure the required coverage of a test object
c. To verify whether all specified requirements have been fulfilled
d. To trigger mistakes in the software

Answer 65

d. To trigger mistakes in the software

The typical test objectives are:
a. Evaluating work products such as requirements, user stories, designs, and code
b. Trigerring failures and finding defects
c. Ensuring required coverage of a test object
d. Reducing the level of risk of inadequate software quality
e. Verifying whether specified requirements have been fulfilled
f. Verifying that a test object complies with contractual, legal, and regulatory requirements
g. Providing information to stakeholders to allow them to make informed decisions
h. Building confidence in the quality of the test object
i. Validating whether the test object is complete and works as expected by the stakeholders

Question 66

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following options shows an example of test activities that contribute to success?
a. Testers give final approval for the release of a new version of the product to the production environment
b. Testers find bugs so that the developers write better code
c. Testers analyze bugs found by end users and find root causes
d. Testers detect defects, developers debug identified defects; thus, testing indirectly contributes to higher quality test objects

Answer 66

d. Testers detect defects, developers debug identified defects; thus, testing indirectly contributes to higher quality test objects

Question 67

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

During a performance test, the application is under constant load for an extended period of time. During this test, the application’s response time gradually slows down, leading to the failure of a specific requirement. The cause behind this slowdown is a memory leak within the application code wherein certain dynamically allocated memory is not appropriately released when it becomes obsolete.

Which of the following statements is true?
a. The defect is the slowdown of the response time; the root cause is the memory leak within the application code
b. The failure is the slowdown of the response time; the root cause is the memory leak within the application code
c. The error is the slowdown of the response time; the defect is the memory leak within the application code
d. The failure is the slowdown of the response time; the fault is the memory leak within the application code

Answer 67

d. The failure is the slowdown of the response time; the fault is the memory leak within the application code

Question 68

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

In many software organizations, the test department is called the Quality Control (QC) department. Is this sentence correct or not and why?

a. It is correct. Testing and QC mean exactly the same thing
b. It is not correct. QC is something more; testing is a major form of quality control, while others include formal methods, simulation, and prototyping
c. It is not correct. QC is focused on quality-related processes while testing concentrates on demonstrating that a component or system is fit for purpose and detecting defects
d. It is not correct. Testing is a form of quality assurance, not quality control

Answer 68

b. It is not correct. QC is something more; testing is a major form of quality control, while others include formal methods, simulation, and prototyping

Question 69

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

1. A new online-shop product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the release, users started to complain that when they entered specific keywords to search for products, the search results were inaccurate and displayed irrelevant items.
2. After investigating the issue, the development team discovered that the latest update of the SQL query uses the “LIKE” query instead of the “Equality” query. This update was requested by the customer the day before the release and was tested by the customer himself, who believed that it was a simple minimal change that did not require testing by the testing team.

Which of the following statements is true?
a. The defect is the invalid SQL query, and the failure is insufficient testing
b. The defect is the inaccurate search results, and the failure is the invalid SQL query
c. The defect is the invalid SQL query, and the failure is inaccurate search results on the website
d. The defect is the inaccurate search results on the website, and the failure is insufficient testing

Answer 69

c. The defect is the invalid SQL query, and the failure is inaccurate search results on the website

Note: Failure is the outcome of the defect.

Question 70

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following options shows an example of test activities that contribute to success?

a. Testers can verify that the system is defect-free before shipping it to production
b. Testers create a competitive environment with developers which improves the quality of code
c. Testers evaluate the quality of a test object which contributes to decision to move to the next stage of the SDLC
d. Testers identify harmful processes on the project and offer solutions for them at retrospective meetings.

Answer 70

c. Testers evaluate the quality of a test object which contributes to decisions to move to the next stage of the SDLC

Question 71

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

The developer wrote two versions of the code for validation of whether a site visitor is 16 years old, based on the date of birth entered on the site. He had to comment out one of them in the code. As the dev is about to do so, the phone rings, while on the phone, the developer inadvertently comments out both options of validation, deploys a new version of the code to the test environment, and informs the tester about it. The tester runs several tests, during which he notices that the system allows to register to the site to users who are under 16 years old. The tester writes a defect report and assigns it to the developer.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. The defect is the commented code; the fault is the registration of users under 16 years old on the site
b. The root cause is the phone ringing; the error is the developer commenting out both options of the code while on the phone
c. The root cause is the developer commenting out both options of the code; the failure is the registration of users under 16 years old on the site
d. The root cause is the phone ringing; the defect is the registration of users under 16 years old on the site.

Answer 71

b. The root cause is the phone ringing; the error is the developer commenting out both options of the code while on the phone

Note: The error is A human action that produces an incorrect result. it can be the mistaken thinking that resulted in putting the defect in the code, or the action tiself (forget, misunderstand). The root cause - The root cause is the distraction that the programmer experienced while programming

Question 72

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following is true
a. Testing is the same as quality assurance
b. Testing is a form of quality control
c. Testing is the same as quality control
d. Testing is a form of quality assurance

Answer 72

b. Testing is a form of quality control

Iba ang QA, hindi siya QA.

Question 73

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

There is a banner on the website that says “Get 10% off your purchase of $50 or more”. The support service has received several complaints that buyers who made purchases worth exactly $50 do not receive the promised discount. Testers were able to reproduce the bug on a test environment and created a defect report. According to the results of debugging done by the developer, it was found that the discount formula looks like this: “if basketPrice>50; then totalPrice=(basketPrice)-(basketPrice*0.1)”. The developer said that the code is valid and was written according to the acceptance criteria of the user story, which say “If the customer adds more than $50 worth of goods to the cart, he will be given a 10% discount”. The tester, developer, and business representative discussed this situation at a separate meeting and came to an agreement that the acceptance criteria were incorrect.

Which of the following statements is true?
a. The failure is the absence of a discount for the customer; the root cause is the invalid acceptance criteria
b. The defect is the invalid formula in the code; the root cause is the invalid banner on the website
c. The error is the absence of a discount for hte customer; the root cause is the invalid acceptance criteria
d. The fault is the absence of a discount for the customer; the mistake is the invalid acceptance criteria

Answer 73

a. The failure is the absence of a discount for the customer; the root cause is the invalid acceptance criteria

Failure - An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits.

Root Cause - A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.

Question 74

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following options shows an example of test activities that contribute to success?

a. Involving testers is a cost-effective way to ensure that users’ needs are considered throughout the development lifecycle
b. Testers can write user stories with testable acceptance criteria if there is no documentation on the project
c. Testers reduce the number of defects in the system
d. Testers ensure that developers follow legal requirements and regulatory standards

Answer 74

a. Involving testers is a cost-effective way to ensure that users’ needs are considered throughout the development lifecycle

Question 75

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

A new retail product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the release, it was apparent that the sorting and filtering features didn’t function correctly. You have investigated the problems and have discovered that the production point of sale equipment is a later model than the model used in testing. The software functions correctly on the old version but fails on the later model. The DevOps team mistakenly deployed the wrong version of the code because business representatives and testers changed the naming convention of the release versions and did not inform the DevOps team about it.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. The error is the wrong version of the code on the production environment; the failure is the sorting and filtering features malfunctioning
b. The error is the deployment of the wrong version of the code by the DevOps team; the defect is the sorting and filtering features malfunctioning
c. The root cause is the changing naming convention without informing the rest of the team; the defect is the wrong version of the code on the production environment
d. The mistake is the changing naming convention without informing the rest of the team; the failure is the sorting and filtering features malfunctioning

Answer 75

c. The root cause is the changing naming convention without informing the rest of the team; the defect is the wrong version of the code on the production environment

Root Cause - A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.

Defect - An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications. (also referred as bug or fault)

Question 76

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following is true?
a. QC is a product-oriented, corrective approach, QA is a process-oriented, preventive approach
b. Both QC and QA are process-oriented, preventive approaches
c. Testing is both a product-oriented, corrective approach and a process-oriented, preventive approach
d. Quality is both a product-oriented, corrective approach and a process-oriented, preventive approach

Answer 76

a. QC is a product-oriented, corrective approach, QA is a process-oriented, preventive approach

Question 77

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

A new online-shop product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the release, users started to complain that when they enter specific keywords to search for products, the search results are inaccurate, and irrelevant items are displayed. After investigating the issue, the development team discovered that the latest update of the SQL query uses the “LIKE” query instead of the “Equality” query. Upon further investigation, this was discovered that there is no clear wording in the requirements about how the “Search Feature” should work.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. The root cause is the invalid SQL query, and the failure is inaccurate search results on the website
b. The root cause is the invalid SQL query, and the defect is inaccurate search results on the website
c. The defect is the invalid SQL query, and the fault is inaccurate search results on the website
d. The root cause is vague requirements, and the fault is the invalid SQL query

Answer 77

d. The root cause is vague requirements, and the fault is the invalid SQL query

Root Cause - A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.

Fault - An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications. (Also referred as defect or bug)

Question 78

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following options shows an example of test activities that contribute to success?

a. Testers directly contribute to higher-quality test objects by detecting defects
b. Testers verify that a test object complies with the regulatory requirements
c. Testers can provide the proof that the system is defect-free
d. Involving testers is a cost-effective way to finding the root causes of the defects and failures

Answer 78

b. Testers verify that a test object complies with the regulatory requirements

The following are the example of test activities that contribute to success:
1. Testing provides a cost-effective means of detecting defects.
2. Testing provides a means of directly evaluating the quality of a test object at various stages in the SDLC.
3. Testing provides users with indirect representation on the development project
4. Testing may also be required to meet contractual or legal requirements, or to comply with regulatory standards.

Question 79

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

According to the acceptance criteria of the user story, the site should work effectively when 2,000 users will be shopping online at the same time. During a performance test, the application is under a constant load of 1000 user sessions in parallel for an extended period of time. During this test, the application’s response time gradually slows down. The cause behind this slowdown is a memory leak within the application code. Upon further investigation, it was discovered that the system administrator had mistakenly ordered a weak server with insufficient RAM which led to the memory leak.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. The defect is the insufficient resources on the server; the failure is the memory leak within the application code
b. The failure is the slowdown of the response time; the root cause is invalid acceptance criteria
c. The error is the slowdown of the response time; the failure is the memory leak within the application code
d. The root cause is the insufficient resources on the server; the fault is the memory leak within the application code

Answer 79

d. The root cause is the insufficient resources on the server; the fault is the memory leak within the application code

Root Cause - A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.

Fault - An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications. (Also known as defect or bug)

Question 80

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

In what way can testing be part of QC?
a. It ensures that requirements are detailed enough
b. Test results can be used to fix defects
c. Test results can be used to provide feedback on how well the test processes are performing
d. It measures the quality of software in terms of number of executed test cases

Answer 80

b. Test results can be used to fix defects

Question 81

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

A phone ringing in a neighboring cubicle distracts a programmer causing him to improperly program the logic that checks the upper boundary of an input variable. Later, during system testing, a tester notices that this input field accepts invalid input values.

Which of the following correctly describes the accepting invalid inputs
a. The root cause
b. A failure
c. An error
d. A defect

Answer 81

b. A failure

Accepting invalid inputs is a failure

Question 82

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

The tester was called to a video meeting without warning. It will discuss a new feature where an admin user can see a group report of subscribers. The group report should include contact information and purchase summaries. The product owner assumes that since it is planned to use the already existing API “GET/contacts”, there is no need to test the backend, only the frontend. The tester disagrees and notes that the “GET/contacts” API returns only “Contact information” and does not return information about user purchases, so backend testing will be mandatory.

Which of the following is a testing contribution to success that BEST matches this situation?

a. Validating whether the test objects is complete and works as expected by the stakeholders and ensuring that users’ needs are considered throughout the SDLC

b. Providing information to stakeholders to allow them to make informed decisions and ensuring required coverage of a test object

c. Verifying whether specified requirements have been fulfilled and verifying that a test object complies with contractual requirements

d. Triggering failure and ensuring required coverage of a test object

Answer 82

b. Providing information to stakeholders to allow them to make informed decisions and ensuring required coverage of a test object

Question 83

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Consider the following definitions(1-6) and match the term(A-C) with the definition(1-6):

1. Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.
2. The process consisting of all lifecycle activities, both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation and evaluation of a component or system and related work products to determine that they satisfy specified requirements, to demonstrate that they are fit for purpose and to detect defects.
3. Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use or application have been fulfilled.
4. The process of establishing and directing a quality policy, quality objectives, quality planning, quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvement for an organization.
5. Activities designed to evaluate the quality of a component or system.
6. Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled.

A. Testing

B. QA

C. QC

a. 2-A, 3-B, 6-C
b. 2-A, 3-C, 6-B
c. 1-B, 2-A, 5-C
d. 1-C, 2-A, 5-B

Answer 83

c. 1-B, 2-A, 5-C

Testing - The process consisting of all lifecycle activities, both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation and evaluation of a component or system and related work products to determine that they satisfy specified requirements, to demonstrate that they are fit for purpose and to detect defects.

Quality Assurance (QA) - Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.

Quality Control (QC) - Activities designed to evaluate the quality of a component or system.

Question 84

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

The developer was assigned a story with acceptance criteria, “The user must enter the date of birth before the website content is displayed”, “If the user is under 16 years old, a warning message should be displayed and the website content should not be displayed to the user”. The developer wrote the code and deployed it to the test environment. The next day, the developer was assigned a bug that said: “A user under the age of 16 can see the content of the website by clicking on the “X” cross icon button in the upper right corner of the blocking window”. Upon further investigation this was discovered that the “X” cross icon is present on the design that was provided to the developer.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. The root cause is the “X” cross icon on the designs given to the developer; the fault access of users under 16 years to the content of the website

b. The root cause is the conflicting requirements are given to the developer; the defect is the access of users under 16 years to the content of the website

c. The root cause is the conflicting requirements are given to the developer; the defect is the “X” cross icon on the designs given to the developer

d. The root cause is the “X” cross icon on the designs given to the developer; the failure is the access of users under 16 years to the content of the website

Answer 84

c. The root cause is the conflicting requirements are given to the developer; the defect is the “X” cross icon on the designs given to the developer

Question 85

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following options shows an example of test activities that contribute to success?

a. Testers can verify that the system is defect-free before shipping it to production
b. Testers create a competitive environment with developers which improves the quality of code
c. Testers evaluate the quality of a test object which contributes to decisions to move to the next stage of the SDLC
d. Testers identify harmful processes on the project and offer solutions for them at retrospective meetings

Answer 85

c. Testers evaluate the quality of a test object which contributes to decisiosn to move to the next stage of the SDLC

Question 86

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

In what way can testing be part of QA?
a. It ensures that requirements are detailed enough
b. Test results can be used to provide feedback on how well the test processes are performing
c. It ensures that standards in the organization are followed
d. Test results can be used to fix defects

Answer 86

b. Test results can be used to provide feedback on how well the test processes are performing

Question 87

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which one of the statements below describes the most common situation for a failure discovered during testing or in production?

a. The product crashed when the user selected an option in a dialog box
b. The wrong version of a compiled source code file was included in the uild
c. The computation algorithm used the wrong input variables
d. The developer misinterpreted the requirement for the algorithm

Answer 87

a. The product crashed when the user selected an option in a dialog box

Question 88

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

The tester is provided with a database design so that the tester can start designing high-level test cases. The tester noticed that in some columns of the user’s tables there is sensitive data that is not encrypted by database design. The tester wrote a letter to the product owner and the technical lead that the banking application must meet the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO/IEC 27002, and therefore the data must be encrypted.

Which of the following is a testing contribution to success that BEST matches this situation?

a. Reducing the level of risk of inadequate software quality
b. Providing information to stakeholders to allow them to make informed decisions
c. Verifying that a test object complies with contractual, legal, and regulatory requirements
d. Triggering failures and finding defects

Answer 88

c. Verifying that a test object complies with contractual, legal, and regulatory requirements

Question 89

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Which of the following is true?

a. QC is a preventive approach while QA is a corrective approach
b. in QA test results are used to fix defects, while in QC test results provide feedback on how well the test processes are performing
c. QC applies to both the devleopment nad testing processes
d. In QC test results are used to fix defects, while in QA test results provide feedback on how well the test processes are performing

Answer 89

d. In QC test results are used to fix defects, while in QA test results provide feedback on how well the test processes are performing

Question 90

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

A new retail product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the release, it was apparent that the sorting and filtering features don’t function correctly. You have investigated the problems and have discovered that the production point of sale equipment is a later model than the model used in testing. The software functions correctly on the old version but fails on the later model. The DevOps team mistakenly deployed the wrong version of the code because business representatives and testers changed the naming convention of the release versions and did not inform the DevOps team about it.

Which of the following statements is true?
a. The error is the wrong version of the code on the production environment; the failure is the sorting and filtering features malfunctioning
b. The error is the deployment of the wrong version of the code by the DevOps team; the defect is the sorting and filtering features malfunctioning
c. The root cause is the changing naming convention without informing the rest of the team; the defect is the wrong version of the code on the production environment
d. The mistake is the changing naming convention without informing the rest of the team; the failure is the sorting and filtering features malfunctioning

Answer 90

c. The root cause is the changing naming convention without informing the rest of the team; the defect is the wrong version of the code on the production environment

Question 91

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

Below you find a list of descriptions of problems that can be observed during testing or operation. Which is most likely a failure?

a. The product crashed when the user selected an option in a dialog box
b. One source code file included in the build was the wrong version
c. The wrong input variables are configured for hte computation algorithm
d. The developer misinterprered the computational requirement for the algorithm

Answer 91

a. The product crashed when the user selected an option in a dialog box

Question 92

1.2 Why is Testing Necessary?

A new online-shop product was released to production by your company. Shortly after the release, users started to complain that when they enter specific keywords to search for products, the search results are inaccurate and display irrelevant items. After investigating the issue, the development team discovers that the latest update of the SQL query uses the “LIKE” query instead of the “Equality” query. This update was requested by the customer the day before the release and was tested by the customer himself, who believed that it was a simple minimal change that did not require testing by the testing team.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. The root cause is the invalid SQL query, the fault is the insufficient testing by the customer
b. The error is the inaccurate search results, and the defect is the invalid SQL query
c. The defect is the invalid SQL query, and the root cause is insufficient testing by the customer
d. The defect is the inaccurate search results on the website, and the mistake is insufficient testing by the customer.

Answer 92

c. The defect is the invalid SQL query, and the root cause is insufficient testing y the customer