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ABRET Prep 1/2 > I-F. Neuroanatomy / Neurophysiology > Flashcards

I-F. Neuroanatomy / Neurophysiology Flashcards

1
Q

CRANIAL NERVES
A) Four have both sensory and motor functions
B) All have both sensory and motor functions
C) Six have both sensory and motor functions
D) Two have both sensory and motor functions

A

Four have both sensory and motor functions

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2
Q

MENINGES
A) Neurons
B) Blood vessels of the brain
C) Coverings of the brain
D) Neuroglia

A

Coverings of the brain

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3
Q

The center for intellectual functions such as judgement, memory and problem solving:
A) Occipital lobe
B) Parietal lobe
C) Temporal lobe
D) Frontal lobe

A

Frontal lobe

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4
Q

Inflammation of the covering of the brain or spinal cord:
A) Cerebropathia
B) Myelitis
C) Meningitis
D) Encephalitis

A

Meningitis

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5
Q

Which of the following is often caused by prolonged severe cerebral anoxia?
A) Increase in voltage of the mu rhythm
B) Increase in the frequency of the alpha rhythm
C) Burst-suppression activity
D) Appearance of POSTS

A

Burst-suppression activity

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6
Q

HIPPA
A) Federally funded insurance program
B) Legislative act regulating patient privacy
C) Health care worker training program
D) Hospital accreditation process

A

Legislative act regulating patient privacy

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7
Q

The fissure that separates the temporal lobe from the frontal
A) Sylvian
B) Coronal
C) Rolandic
D) Central

A

Sylvian

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8
Q

An EEG performed two days following a transient ischemic attack is most likely to show
A) Focal suppression
B) polymorphic delta activity
C) Normal activity
D) FIRDA

A

Normal activity

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9
Q

Expressive asphasia may result from damage to:
A) Broca’s area
B) primary sensory cortex
C) Brodmann area 42
D) Wernicke’s area

A

Broca’s area.

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10
Q

Blood for the anterior and middle cerebral arteries is supplied by what artery?
A) Vertebral
B) Basilar
C) External carotid
D) Internal carotid

A

Internal carotid

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11
Q

Thrombosis of the right middle cerebral artery would most likely cause:
A) right face and arm paralysis
B) left leg paralysis
C) left face and arm paralysis
D) right homonymous hemianopsia

A

left face and arm paralysis.

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12
Q

The occipital lobe receives its blood supply directly from which artery?
A) Posterior cerebral
B) Posterior cerebellar
C) Internal carotid
D) Middle cerebral

A

Posterior cerebral

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13
Q

Which artery is formed by the joining of the vertebral arteries?
A) Common carotid
B) Basilar
C) Posterior cerebral
D) Middle cerebral

A

Basilar

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14
Q

A tangle of arteries and veins in the brain, associated with a tendency to bleed suddenly.
A) Cerebral infarct
B) Aneurysm
C) Arteriovenous malformation
D) Subdural hemorrhage

A

Arteriovenous malformation

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15
Q

The central sulcus is the anterior boundary of the
A) occipital lobe
B) frontal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) temporal lobe

A

parietal lobe

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16
Q

Collateral perfusion is maintained by:
A) Spinal cord
B) Brachial Plexus
C) Cauda equine
D) Circle of Willis

A

Circle of WIllis

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17
Q

Ruptured aneurysm with headache, nuchal rigidity, confusion and drowsiness.
A) Subarachnoid hemorrhage
B) Subdural hematoma
C) Complicated migraine
D) Cortical dysplasia

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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18
Q

PLEDS are most likely to be seen in a patient presenting with:
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Liver failure
C) Cerebral embolus
D) Acute drug toxicity

A

Cerebral embolus

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19
Q

Which of the following seperates the motor cortex from the sensory cortex?
A) Rolandic fissure
B) Foramen of Monro
C) Sylvian fissure
D) The falx

A

Rolandic fissure

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20
Q

The pain of a migraine generally results from:
A) expansion of ventricles
B) vasoconstriction of blood vessels
C) contraction of cervical muscles
D) dilation of blood vessels

A

dilation of blood vessels.

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21
Q

PLEDS
A) CJD
B) Metabolic Disease
C) Acute cerebral infarction
D) meningitis

A

Acute cerebral infarction

22
Q

Which cranial nerves are involved with eye movement?
A) III, IV, and VI
B) I, II, and III
C) VII, XI, and XII
D) VI, IX, and X

A

III, IV, and VI (3,4, and 5)

23
Q

Through what opening do the lateral ventricles merge with the third ventricle?
A) Foramen of Monro
B) Foramen of Luschka
C) Aqueduct of Sylvius
D) Foramen of Magendie

A

Foramen of Monro

24
Q

Which of the following blood vessels is most frequently involved in strokes?
A) Posterior communicating artery
B) Middle cerebral artery
C) Anterior cerebral artery
D) Posterior cerebral artery

A

Middle cerebral artery

25
Q

HESCHL’S GYRUS
A) Auditory Aura
B) Visual Aura
C) Olfactory Aura
D) Somatosensory Aura

A

Auditory Aura

26
Q

SUBDURAL EMPYEMA
A) Hemorrhage
B) Cyst
C) Embolus
D) Pus

A

Pus

27
Q

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the generation of EEG activity?
A) Axonal action potentials
B) Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials only
C) Excitatory postsynaptic potentials only
D) Both excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials

A

Both excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials

28
Q

What is indicated by the presence of unilateral Babinski Signs?
A) Pyramidal tract dysfunction
B) Cerebellar dysfunction
C) Tic Douloureux
D) Homonymous hemianopsia

A

Pyamidal tract dysfunction

29
Q

The posterior cerebral artery supplies blood to the:
A) Temporal lobe
B) Frontal lobe
C) Lateral surface of the brain
D) Visual cortex

A

Visual cortex

30
Q

Which of the following is an immediate threat to life?
A) Chronic subdural hematoma
B) Arachnoiditis
C) Multiple sclerosis
D) Epidural hematoma

A

Epidural hematoma

31
Q

CONSCIOUSNESS
A) basal ganglia
B) striate cortex
C) cerebellum
D) reticular formation

A

reticular formation

32
Q

The third ventricle is connected to the fourth ventricle by the
A) foramen magnum
B) aqueduct of Sylvius
C) foramen of Luschka
D) foramen of Monro

A

aqueduct of Sylvius.

33
Q

A spike or sharp wave results from
A) synchronous activation of multiple neurons
B) depolarization of neurons
C) asynchronous activation of neurons
D) repolarization of neurons

A

synchronous activation of multiple neurons.

34
Q

Broca’s area lies in the:
A) Posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus
B) Posterior part of the inferior temporal gyrus
C) Posterior part of the parietal lobe
D) Posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus

A

Posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus

35
Q

Acoustic neuromas arise on the following cranial nerve:
A) IV
B) VIII
C) V
D) VII

A

VIII

36
Q

Ocular movements are controlled primarily by cranial nerve
A) VIII
B) III
C) II
D) V

A

III.

37
Q

Wernicke’s area lies in the:
A) Posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus
B) Posterior part of the parietal lobe
C) Posterior part of the inferior temporal gyrus
D) Posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus

A

Posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus

38
Q

Thrombosis of the right middle cerebral artery would most likely cause
A) left leg paralysis
B) aphasia
C) left face and arm paralysis
D) right homonymous hemianopsia

A

left face and arm paralysis.

39
Q

The medulla controls:
A) Balance
B) Memory
C) Vision
D) Respiration and Heart Rate

A

Respiration and Heart Rate

40
Q

The most important source generator of the EEG is:
A) pyramidal dendritic PSPs
B) pyramidal cell action potentials
C) thalamic oscillations
D) cortical interneuron discharges

A

pyramidal dendritic PSPs

41
Q

Which of the following is a blood clot formed at the site of an atherosclerotic plaque?
A) Embolus
B) Aneurysm
C) Thrombus
D) Ischemia

A

Thrombus

42
Q

Damage to Wernicke’s area may result in:
A) Receptive, fluent aphasia
B) Expressive aphasia
C) Numbness in hand distribution
D) Ataxia

A

Receptive, fluent aphasia

43
Q

Damage to Broca’s area may result in:
A) Ataxia
B) Receptive aphasia
C) Expressive aphasia
D) Anoxia

A

Expressive aphasia

44
Q

Where is the cingulate cortex located in relation to the corpus callosum?
A) Medially
B) Laterally
C) Inferiorly
D) Superiorly

A

Superiorly

45
Q

EEG activity is thought to arise from which of the following?
A) Cortical layers I and IV
B) Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
C) Horizontal dipoles
D) Axonal action potentials

A

Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials

46
Q

What is indicated by the presence of unilateral Babinski Signs?
A) Pyramidal tract dysfunction
B) Cerebellar dysfunction
C) Tic Douloureux
D) Homonymous hemianopsia

A

Pyramidal tract dysfunction

47
Q

Which of the following EEG findings indicates the worst prognosis in patients with cerebral hemorrhages?
A) Spikes
B) Sharp waves
C) Burst-suppression
D) Polymorphic delta activity

A

Burst-suppression

48
Q

ROLANDIC GYRUS
A) Occipital and Parietal Lobes
B) Occipital and Temporal Lobes
C) Frontal and Temporal Lobes
D) Frontal and Parietal Lobes

A

Frontal and Parietal Lobes

49
Q

The etiology MOST commonly associated with LPDs/PLEDs is what?
A) Intracranial Hemorrhage
B) Anoxic Injury
C) Ischemic Stroke
D) Brain Tumors

A

Ischemic Stroke

50
Q

PRECENTRAL GYRUS
A) Occipital Lobe
B) Frontal Lobe
C) Temporal Lobe
D) Parietal Lobe

A

Frontal Lobe

ABRET Prep 1/2 (13 decks)

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