I C-A-N R-E-A-D / Heroes and Their Weapons Flashcards

1
Q

Where are The Phoenicians?

A

A member of a Semitic people inhabiting ancient Phoenicia and its colonies. The Phoenicians prospered in trade and manufacturing until the capital, Tyre, was sacked by Alexander the Great in 332BC.

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2
Q

What does Semitic mean?

A

Relating to or denoting a family of languages that includes Hebrew, Arabic, and Aramaic and certain ancient languages such as Phoenician and Akkadian, constituting the main subgroup of the Afro-Asiatic family.

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3
Q

What were the Phoenicians known for?

A

The Phoenicians were the greatest traders in the ancient world between 1000 B.C.E. and 600 B.C.E. These were highly skilled shipbuilders and sailors who built strong and fast sailing vessels to carry their goods. They learned how to navigate and how to use the North Star to sail at night

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4
Q

Who was Alexander the Great?

A

Alexander the Great was an ancient Macedonian ruler and one of history’s greatest military minds who, as King of Macedonia and Persia, established the largest empire the ancient world had ever seen. By turns charismatic and ruthless, brilliant and power hungry, diplomatic and bloodthirsty, Alexander inspired such loyalty in his men they’d follow him anywhere and, if necessary, die in the process. Though Alexander the Great died before realizing his dream of uniting a new realm, his influence on Greek and Asian culture was so profound that it inspired a new historical epoch—the Hellenistic Period.

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5
Q

Where was Alexander the Great from?

A

Alexander III was born in Pella, Macedonia, in 356 B.C. to King Philip II and Queen Olympias—although legend had it his father was none other than Zeus, the ruler of the Greek gods.

Philip II was an impressive military man in his own right. He turned Macedonia (a region on the northern part of the Greek peninsula) into a force to be reckoned with, and he fantasized about conquering the massive Persian Empire.

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6
Q

How did Alexander the Great die?

A

By 323 B.C., Alexander was head of an enormous empire and had recovered from the devastating loss of his friend Hephaestion—who was also reputed to be one of Alexander’s homosexual male lovers.

Thanks to his insatiable urge for world supremacy, he started plans to conquer Arabia. But he’d never live to see it happen. After surviving battle after a fierce competition, Alexander the Great died in June 323 B.C. at age 32.

Some historians say Alexander died of malaria or other natural causes; others believe he was poisoned. Either way, he never named a successor.

His death and the bloody infighting for control afterward unraveled the empire he’d fought so hard to create.

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7
Q

Why was Alexander The Great ‘Great’?

A

Many conquered lands retained the Greek influence Alexander introduced, and several cities he founded remain important cultural centers even today. The period of history from his death to 31 B.C., when his empire folded, would come to be known as the Hellenistic period, from “Hellazein,” which means, “to speak Greek or identify with the Greeks.” Alexander the Great is revered as one of the most powerful and influential leaders the ancient world ever produced.

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8
Q

What is a Minstrels?

A

A medieval singer or musician, especially one who sang or recited lyrics or heroic poetry to a musical accompaniment for the nobility.

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9
Q

Who was Homer?

A

Homer was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the most revered and influential authors in history.

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10
Q

What is Odysseus?

A

Odysseus, also known by the Latin variant Ulysses, is a legendary Greek king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer’s epic poem the Odyssey. Odysseus also plays a key role in Homer’s Iliad and other works in that same epic cycle.

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11
Q

What is Cretan?

A

Relating to or characteristic of the Greek island of Crete or its inhabitants.

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12
Q

What is Crete?

A

A mountainous island in the E Mediterranean, the largest island of Greece: of archaeological importance for the ruins of the Minoan civilization.

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13
Q

What is an Ancestor?

A

A person, typically one or more remote than a grandparent, from whom one is descended.

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14
Q

What are the Hellenes of Classical Greece?

A

The Hellenes consisted of the Aeolians, Dorians, Ionians, and Achaeans traditionally descended from and named for Hellen’s sons, Aeolus and Dorus, and his grandsons (by his third son, Xuthus), Ion and Achaeus.

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15
Q

What are the Aeolians?

A

The Aeolians were one of the four major ancient Greek tribes comprising Ancient Greeks along with the Achaeans, Dorians, and Ionians. Their name derives from Aeolus, the mythical ancestor of the Aeolic branch and son of Hellen, the mythical patriarch of the Greek nation.

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16
Q

What are the Dorians?

A

Dorian, any member of a major division of the ancient Greek people, distinguished by a well-marked dialect and by their subdivision, within all their communities, into the “tribes” of Hylleis, Pamphyloi, and Dymanes.

17
Q

What are the Ionians?

A

A member of an ancient Hellenic people inhabiting Attica, parts of western Asia Minor, and the Aegean islands in preclassical and classical times. They also colonized the islands that became known as the Ionian Islands.

18
Q

What was the city of Athens?

A

The city of Athens is one of the oldest cities in the world. During ancient Greek times, the city was the center of knowledge and culture.

19
Q

How was Sparta created?

A

Legend dates the founding of the city to Mycenean times, when the legendary King Menelaus, who helped defeat Troy, supposedly ruled the city. Archaeologists put the date of its origin later, around 1000 BC, when a tribe called the Dorians migrated to the region.

20
Q

Who were the Ionians tribe?

A

The Ionians were one of the four major tribes that the Greeks considered themselves to be divided into during the ancient period; the other three were the Dorians, Aeolians, and Achaeans.