I - Bonding and Chemical Properties Flashcards
what is the periodic trend for the size of atomic radius?
decreases from left to right
decreases up a column
what corner of the periodic table is the largest atomic radius?
bottom left
ionic bond
Metal + nonmetal
transfer of electrons
do metals gain or lose electrons easily
lose
do nonmetals gain or lose electrons easily
gain
covalent bond
electrons are shared
electronegativity
an atoms ability to attract the bonding electrons to itself
periodic trend for electronegativity
increases left to right
decreases down the column
what corner of the periodic table has the highest electronegativity
top right
T/F helium has the highest electronegativity
yes
Although it is the top right, it’s a noble gas, noble gases do not have electronegativity
how to calculate 🔺x
electronegativity of one element - electronegativity of the other elements
if x for cl = 3
and x for I = 2.5,
what is 🔺x
3 - 2.5 = 0.5
what happens as the electronegativity difference (🔺x) between to constituent elements becomes larger?
they stop being shared, is more localized on the more electronegative element
what is the rule of thumb for when bonding involving a metal and a nonmetal is considered ionic
when the electronegativity difference is greater than 2
do ionic compounds have higher or lower melting points? What about covalent compounds?
ionic – higher
Covalent – lower
why do covalent compounds have lower melting points
have Vanderwall’s forces, which are weak
what is included in Vanderwall’s forces?
dipole dipole interactions
London forces
Hydrogen bonding
A type of dipole dipole bonding
H - NOF
why are hydrogen bond stronger?
greater polarity of the bond
Small size of the hydrogen Adam
Allows close approach of the dipoles
are ionic compounds good or bad electrolytes? Why?
good
They dissociate in water to generate ions in solution
our covalent molecules good or bad electrolytes?
they are not electrolytes
They don’t associate to form ions in solution
are ionic oxides acidic or basic
what is another name for these
Basic
Base anhydride
are covalent oxides acidic or basic
What is another name for these
acidic
Acid anhydride
describe how Na2O dissociates in water
becomes Na+ and O 2-
the O 2- reacts with water to make OH-
