I. 1 Thermal, Diffusive, & Mechanical Equilibrium + Thermal Expansion Coefficient

Question 1

Thermal Equilibrium

Answer 1

When there is no net flow of thermal energy between two objects/systems.

Question 2

Diffusive Equilibrium

Answer 2

Molecules of each substance are free to move around but no longer have tendency to move one way or another.

Question 3

Mechanical Equilibrium

Answer 3

Large scale motions can take place but no longer do. (Volume)
All forces within a system are balanced. (Uniform Pressure)

Question 4

Example of Each Equilibrium:

Answer 4

Thermal - after two objects are in contact for a long time (contact as in two objects can exchange energy (heat) to each other)

Diffusive - Mixing/blending of two liquids

Mechanical - Expansion of a balloon

Question 5

Relaxation Time

Answer 5

Time required for system to come to thermal equilibrium

Question 6

Temperature

Answer 6

Tendency of an object to spontaneously give up energy to its surroundings.

Question 7

When two objects are in thermal contact, which object loses energy?

Answer 7

The object with higher temperature

Question 8

Absolute Zero

Answer 8

Temperature where there is no motion and no heat (lowest energy)

Question 9

What is thermal expansion coefficient? What is it used for?

Answer 9

Material property that measures how much material expands when heated.

B = (ΔV/V) / ΔT

Question 10

Linear Thermal Expansion Coefficient

Answer 10

For Solids: fractional increase in length per degree due to heating or cooling.

a = (ΔL/L) / ΔT