Hypothesis Testing

Question 1

The hypothesis that the researcher wants to reject

Answer 1

Null hypothesis

Question 2

The hypothesis that the researcher hopes is true

Answer 2

Alternate hypothesis

Question 3

Hypotheses for two-tailed test

Answer 3

Ho: μ = μo
Ha: μ ≠ μo

Question 4

Hypotheses for one-tailed tests

Answer 4

Ho: μ = μo
Ha: μ > μo

or

Ho: μ =/> μo
Ha: μ < μo

Question 5

Test statistic formula

Answer 5

= s - μ / standard error

Question 6

The rejection of the null hypothesis when it is actually true

Answer 6

Type I error

Question 7

The acceptance of the null hypothesis when it is actually false

Answer 7

Type II error

Question 8

The probability of rejecting the null when it is false

Answer 8

The power of the test = 1 - P(Type II error)

Question 9

The smallest significance level for which the hypothesis would be rejected

Answer 9

p-value

Question 10

Use of t-statistic v. z-statistic

Answer 10

t = unknown population variance, less than 30 samples

z = known population variance

Question 11

A test concerned with the mean and the differences between paired observations of two dependent, normally distributed samples

Answer 11

Paired comparisons test
t = d-bar / s d-bar

D-bar = the average difference of the n paired observations

Question 12

Test of a hypothesis about the population variance for a normally distributed population

Answer 12

chi-square test, n-2 degrees of freedom

Question 13

Test comparing two variances based on independent samples from two normally distributed populations

Answer 13

f-test, F = s2 / s1 where the largest variance is the numerator