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Endocrinology > Hypothalamus, Pituitary, and Growth Hormone > Flashcards

Hypothalamus, Pituitary, and Growth Hormone Flashcards

1
Q

What is the master control of the ANS which integrates it with temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep, gut, and bladder function?

A

hypothalamus

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2
Q

Two divisions of the pituitary gland.

A
  1. adenohypophysis
  2. neurohypophysis
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3
Q

Match the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland to what part of it they are produced in:

  1. LH
  2. FSH
  3. GH
  4. PRL
  5. MSH
  6. ACTH
  7. B endorphins
  8. TSH
  9. Enkephalins
A

Pars distalis: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8
Pars intermedius: 5, 7, 9

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4
Q

________ and ________ are hypothalamic nuclei in the hypothalamus which secrete products into the __________ of the pituitary.

A

supraoptic
paraventricular
pars nervosa (neurohypophysis)

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5
Q

What two hormones are produced by the hypothalamic nuclei in the hypothalamus?

A

ADH + oxytocin

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6
Q

What is the function of oxytocin? (2)

A

uterine contractions
milk letdown

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7
Q

What is the function of ADH?

A

water reabsorption

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8
Q

What system allows for the rapid delivery of hormones so it doesn’t have to go through the entire circulation and therefore become diluted?

A

hypothalamohypophyseal portal system

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9
Q

The ___________ uses a hypothalamic hypophyseal tract for secretion while the _________ uses a hypophyseal portal system.

A

neurohypophysis
adenohypophysis

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10
Q

Match the location to each step in the hypophyseal portal system:

  1. First capillary bed
  2. Portal venules
  3. Second capillary bed
A
  1. median eminence
  2. pars tuberalis
  3. pars distalis
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11
Q

ADH and oxytocin are bound to a _______ molecule and released in the circulation which becomes unbound at the target tissue.

A

neurophysin

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12
Q

What second hormone does growth hormone stimulate?

A

insulin growth factor (IGF1)

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13
Q

_________, also known as hyposomatotropism, is a growth hormone deficiency where there is a lack of long bone development.

A

dwarfism

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14
Q

2 causes of dwarfism

A
  1. pressure atrophy of adenohypophysis
  2. genetic (autosomal recessive)
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15
Q

What are 3 signs of dwarfism?

A
  1. lack of growth
  2. endocrine alopecia
  3. hyperpigmentation
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16
Q

What dog breed is dwarfism common in?

A

german shepherds

17
Q

(T/F) Dwarfism has a good prognosis.

A

False - poor

18
Q

________, or hypersomatotropism, is an excess of growth hormone in young animals.

A

gigantism

19
Q

_______, or hypersomatotropism, is a chronic over-secretion of growth hormone in adults.

A

acromegaly

20
Q

What is the likely cause of acromegaly?

A

pituitary tumor (abnormal feedback mechanism for GH)

Endocrinology (10 decks)

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