Hypothalamus Flashcards

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1
Q

list the cAMP signaling pathway hormones

A

FLAT ChAMP

  • FSH
  • LH
  • ACTH
  • TSH
  • CRH
  • hCG
  • ADH (V2, collecting ducts)
  • MSH
  • PTH
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2
Q

list the IP3 signaling pathway hormones

A

GOAT HAG

  • GnRH
  • Oxytocin
  • ADH (V1, blood vessels)
  • TRH
  • Histamine
  • AGII
  • Gastrin
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3
Q

list the intracellular signaling pathway hormones

A

PET CAT on TV

  • Progesterone
  • Estrogen
  • Testosterone
  • Cortisol
  • Aldosterone
  • T3/T4
  • Vitamin D
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4
Q

describe panhypopituitarism

A
  • deficinecy of all pituitary hormones
  • Sheehan’s syndrome can occur due to postpartum hemorrhage
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5
Q

describe the functions of prolactin

A
  • breast development and milk production but NOT EJECTION of milk (oxytocin)
  • inhibits ovulation in lactating female suppressing GnRH synthesis and release
  • increase in TRH stimulates prolactin release
  • estradiol inhibits dopamine, which stimulates prolactin release
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6
Q

what is the signalling pathway of prolactin?

A

tyrosine kinase

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7
Q

describe disorders of prolactin imbalance

A
  • excess secretion of hormone causes:
    • galactorrhea
    • decreased libido
    • decreased ovulation and spermatogenesis by inhibiting GnRH
  • dopamine agonist, bromocriptine can be used to treat excess prolatcin secretion
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8
Q

what increases secretion of ADH from PP?

A
  • increased ECF osmolarity (osmoreceptors)
  • decreased ECF volume (baroreceptors)
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9
Q

describe the MoA of ADH in the kidney (collecting duct)

A

principal cells

  • V2R receptors in CD via cAMP
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10
Q

describe the MoA of ADH on the blood vessels

A
  • V1R receptors via IP3/DAG
    • contraction of blood vessles
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11
Q

describe SIADH

A
  • SIADH is an increase in ADH secretion by a tumor (such as oat cell carcinoma of the lung)
  • results in:
    • ADH secretion -> H2O retention
    • increase in urinary concentration
    • decrease in serum osmolarity
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12
Q

describe treatment for SIADH

A

treatment = ADH antagonist (democycline) or water restriction

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13
Q
A
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