Hypothalamic and Pituitary Pharm

Question 1

Growth hormone released in response to

Answer 1

GHRH, exercise, hypoglycemia, dopamine

Question 2

Growth Hormone decreased by

Answer 2

Somatostatin, dopamine agonists in the setting of acromegaly

Question 3

GH action

Answer 3

stimulate synthesis of insulin-like growth factors, liner and skeletal muscle growth

Question 4

Use of GH

Answer 4

replacement in children with deficiency, growth hormone insensitivity, cachexia treatment (AIDS), short bowel syndrome. ILLICITLY

Question 5

Somatostatin

Answer 5

Inhibits GH release, decreases secretion of gastric enzymes and acid, decreases GI motility

Question 6

Somatostatin used

Answer 6

excess of growth hormone from pituitary, adenoma or other causes. Control of bleeding from esophageal varices and GI hemorrhage

Question 7

Prolactin effects

Answer 7

stimulated for release by suckling - stimulates milk production, inhibits FSH/LH release during breast feeding

Question 8

Prolactin Uses

Answer 8

None available for prolactin deficiency. Prolactinoma caused hyperprolactinemia

Question 9

Antidiuretic hormone released

Answer 9

by posterior pituitary in increased blood osmolality times , decreased blood circulating volume

Question 10

ADH effects

Answer 10

control water contnet in body - inserts water channels into luminal membrane and increases water permeability (V2 receptor response in kidney). NON-kidney V2: helps the release of clotting factor VIII and Von Willberand factor. vascular smooth muscle contraction (V1 receptor response)

Question 11

ADH Uses (V2 receptors)

Answer 11

Desmopressin, action on water channels for diabetes insipidus, nocturnal enuresis. Von willebrand disease and moderate hemophilia (F VIII)

Question 12

ADH Uses V1 receptors

Answer 12

Vasopressin: attenuates pressure and bleeding in esophageal varices, used as a vasopressor for septic shock, alternative to epinephrine in ACLS protocol for shock-refractory V-tach/fibrillation