Hypothalamic and Pituitary Drugs Flashcards
MOA of cabergoline
dopamine-receptor agonist that suppresses prolactin production through D2 receptor.
MOA of cetrorelix
decapeptide antagonists of GnRH receptors used in in vitro fertilization. Delay premature LH surge to delay ovulation and allow collection of ova. Follows FSH therapy.
MOA of ganirelix
decapeptide antagonists of GnRH receptors used in in vitro fertilization. Delay premature LH surge to delay ovulation and allow collection of ova. Follows FSH therapy.
MOA of gosarelin
agonist of GnRH used in treatment of prostate cancer. Initially increases LH, then decreases LH and testosterone dramatically due to receptor down-regulation
MOA of menotropin
FSH and LH from urine of postmenopausal women that can be administered IM to treat infertility.
Can treat infertility in males also.
ADE of menotropin
risk of multiple pregnancy
MOA of octreotide
somatostatin analog. Much more potent than endogenous forms.
ADE of octreotide
GI - diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
MOA of somatotropin
generic name of all GH that is identical with hGH
ADE of somatotropin
Children - few. Occasional intracranial hypertension, papilledema, visual changes, headache, nausea, vomiting.
*Contraindicated for 2 years after pediatric tumors because of leukemia risks
Men - increased muscle and bone, decreased fat
Adults - peripheral edema, carpal tunnel syndrome, arthralgia, and myalgia
Which anterior pituitary hormones are somatotropic?
GH and PL
Which hormones are glycoproteins? What gives glycoproteins their different functions?
TSH (thyrotropin), LH, FSH, and hCG (from placenta).
Common alpha subunit, differing beta subunit gives differing actions.
Which hormones are POMC (proptiomelanocortin) derived?
ACTH and MSH
Which hormones do somatostatins negatively regulate?
insulin, glucagon, TSH and GH
Which hormone does dopamine inhibit?
PL and TSH through D2 receptor.
Is insulin injection a valid means for diagnosing GH deficiency?
yes. Insulin will cause hypoglycemia which should stimulate GH release.
What is the second messenger system for GH?
tyrosine kinase (JAK2)
Will a child with IGF-1 deficiency respond to hGH?
NO. These children usually have IGFBP deficiency also. Must give mecasermin, a complex of hIGH-1 and hIGFBP-3
What hormone urine level can be measured to predict ovulation? What about pregnancy?
LH levels spike 36 hours before ovulation.
hCG levels spike after fertilization
Where does LH act?
Leydig cells of men and thecal cells in women to produce respective hormones, testosterone and androgens.
Where does FSH act?
on sertoli cells (men) and granulosa cells (women) to promote spermatogenesis (men) and estrogen production (women)
What does hCG do?
allows placental growth and increases uterine vascularization.
which tissues is thyronine 5’ deiodinase D1 found?
D1 isoform preps T3 for export and is found in liver, kidney and thyroid gland
Which tissues is thyronine 5’ deiodinase D2 found?
brain, pituitary, muscle (skeletal and cardiac) is for maintaining intracellular T3 levels
What does thyronine 5 deiodinase do?
converts T4 to rT3
