hypokalemia

Question 1

hypokalemia

Answer 1

low serum potassium

potassium enters the body via oral intake or intravenous infusion, is largely stored in the cells, and then excreted in the urine. Thus, decreased intake, increased translocation into the cells, or, most often, increased losses in the urine, gastrointestinal tract, or sweat can lead to a reduction in the serum potassium concentration

Question 2

hypokalemia causes

Answer 2

inadequate intake (rare)

cellular shift

• bronchodilators
• insulin
• alkalosis

excessive loss potassium loss:
-gastrointestinal vs renal

Question 3

hypokaelmia renal losses - normal BP

Answer 3

normal BP

Alkalosis:

low urine cl = vomiting

high urine cl:
diuretics
bartter syndrome
gitelmans syndrome

Acidosis:

renal tubular acidosis
diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 4

hypokaelmia renal losses - normal BP

Answer 4

low aldosterone:
liddle syndrome
cushing syndrome
licorice

high aldosterone
primary hyperaldosteronism

high renin:
renal artery stenosis
renin secreting tumor