Hypokalaemia, Metabolic Alkalosis, and Hypertension

Question 1

Draw out the schematic for aldosterone dependent and aldosterone independent causes of hypokalaemia, hypertension, and metabolic alkalosis.

Answer 1

See below

Question 2

How would you differentiate between primary hyperaldosteronism secondary to an adrenal adenoma and GRA as the cause for hypertension, hypokalaemia, and metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 2

By measuring the 18-hydroxycortisol, 18-oxo-cortisol, and ACTH- all of which will be elevated in GRA.

Question 3

What are the causes of hyperreninaemic hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 3

• Renovascular disease
• Malignant hypertension
• Renin secreting tumour

Question 4

What are the non-aldosterone, non-cortisol causes of hypertension, met alk, and hypokalaemia?

Answer 4

Liddle syndrome

MRR GOF mutation

Deoxycortisone excess

Question 5

What drug is associated with deoxycortisone excess?

Answer 5

Abiraterone