Hypodontia and Supernumerary Teeth Flashcards
Hypodontia
less than 6 congenitally missing teeth
Oligodontia
more than 6 congenitally missing teeth
Anodontia
Absence of all teeth
Hyperdontia
Extra teeth
◼ Missing:
Hypodontia -
Oligodontia -
Anodontia - ◼ Excess:
Hyperdontia -
less than 6 congenitally missing teeth
6 or more missing teeth
failure of teeth to develop (agenesis of teeth), very rare
extra teeth (Supernumerary teeth)
Congenitally Missing Teeth
(7)
◼ Ectodermal dysplasia
◼ Hypothyroidism
◼ Down Syndrome
◼ Cleft palate
◼ Genetic
◼ Radiation
◼ Random – no other associations
◼ Ectodermal dysplasia:
group of syndromes, missing or peg shaped teeth,
thin sparse hair, absence of sweat glands
◼ Hypothyroidism: (3)
thyroid, pituitary, hypothalamus abnormalities
◼ Down Syndrome:
trisomy 21
◼ Cleft palate :
one in 600-800 births
Congenitally Missing Teeth
◼ Congenital absence of teeth results from
disturbances during
the initial stages of tooth formation – INITIATION AND
PROLIFERATION.
◼ Since primary tooth buds give rise to permanent tooth buds, if a
primary tooth is missing…
there can’t be a successor
◼ Can have missing permanent teeth even when …
primary was present
Hypodontia◼ Incidence
—% of general population (excluding third molars)
—% - Congenitally missing primary teeth
—% - 3rd molars missing in
Hypodontia is higher in females on a – ratio
Commonly runs in families
2 – 10
0.1% to 0.4%
20% to 25%
3:2
As a general rule, if only one or a few teeth are missing, the absent tooth will be
the most distal
tooth of any given type
Hypodontia
Etiology
Missing teeth can be inherited as part of a syndrome or a polygenic multifactorial model of etiology
(4)
Genes –MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2
Cytotoxic drugs
Radiotherapy
Random