Hypertensive retinopathy

Question 1

what does the NICE guidelines regard hypertensions as

Answer 1

anything above 140/90 mmHG on atlas two occasions (not just a one off reading)

Question 2

what is the prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy, state 2 facts

Answer 2

• increased with age - in adults: 31% males & 26% females affected

Question 3

what symptoms does hypertension present

Answer 3

none/symptomless, so px unaware has hypertension

Question 4

list some modifiable risk factors of hypertension

Answer 4

• diet/obesity - smoking

Question 5

list some non-modifiable risk factors of hypertension

Answer 5

• age - family history - african-caribbean race

Question 6

what systolic/diastolic is found in malignant hypertension

Answer 6

200/140 mmHg

Question 7

in which group of the population is malignant hypertension found in

Answer 7

young afro-carribean males and they have symptoms

Question 8

which sort of damage can hypertension cause

Answer 8

ophthalmic findings of end organ damage secondary to hypertension e.g. the eyes (where damage can be seen by optometrists)

Question 9

what imaging technique in optometric practice is hypertensive retinopathy visible with

Answer 9

fundoscopy - increases detection - early signs are easily overlooked

Question 10

list three signs which can indicate hypertension

Answer 10

• changes to choroidal circulation - cranial nerve palsies - 3, 4 or 6th - sub-conjunctival haemorrhages

Question 11

reversed

anything above 140/90 mmHG on atlas two occasions (not just a one off reading)

Answer 11

what does the NICE guidelines regard hypertensions as

Question 12

reversed

• increased with age - in adults: 31% males & 26% females affected

Answer 12

what is the prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy, state 2 facts

Question 13

reversed

none/symptomless, so px unaware has hypertension

Answer 13

what symptoms does hypertension present

Question 14

reversed

• diet/obesity - smoking

Answer 14

list some modifiable risk factors of hypertension

Question 15

reversed

• age - family history - african-caribbean race

Answer 15

list some non-modifiable risk factors of hypertension

Question 16

reversed

200/140 mmHg

Answer 16

what systolic/diastolic is found in malignant hypertension

Question 17

reversed

young afro-carribean males and they have symptoms

Answer 17

in which group of the population is malignant hypertension found in

Question 18

reversed

ophthalmic findings of end organ damage secondary to hypertension e.g. the eyes (where damage can be seen by optometrists)

Answer 18

which sort of damage can hypertension cause

Question 19

reversed

fundoscopy - increases detection - early signs are easily overlooked

Answer 19

what imaging technique in optometric practice is hypertensive retinopathy visible with

Question 20

reversed

• changes to choroidal circulation - cranial nerve palsies - 3, 4 or 6th - sub-conjunctival haemorrhages

Answer 20

list three signs which can indicate hypertension