Hypertension Overview Flashcards
1
Q
What are the pharmacists roles in treating hypertension?
A
- Provide patient education and assure complete prescription fulfillment
- Measure and/or monitor BP control. Intervene to improve adherence.
- Practice collaborative drug therapy management assuring patients receive effective therapy
2
Q
What percentage of adults in the US have HTN?
A
1 in 3
3
Q
What are the types of hypertension?
A
- Essential Hypertention: no identifiable cause & the most common form
- Office or “White coat” hypertention: patient has elevated bp values when measured in a clinical environment, but not at home. BP values are normally ~ 5 mm Hg lower at home, but w/white coat syndrome, usually 10 mmHg or more difference
- Secondary hypertension (< 5% of all cases): either related to a drug or a disease & though potentially reversible, will often require drug therapy.
4
Q
What are the 5 most common drugs that cause HTN?
A
- amphetamines
- cortocosteroids (oral, not topical)
- decongestants (pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, and analogues)
- estrogen containing oral contraceptives
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (several, except low dose aspirin)
5
Q
What are some disease states that can cause HTN?
A
- chronic kidney disease
- cushing’s syndrome
- coarctation of the aorta
- obstructive sleep apnea (#1 secondary cause that if you fix, you can cure HTN)
- parathyroid disease
- primary aldosteronism
- renovascular disease
- thyroid disease
6
Q
What are the classifications of blood pressure in adults >/= 18 years?
A
- Normal: less than 120/80
- Prehypertension: 120-139/80-89
- Stage 1 hypertension: 140-159/90-99
- Stage 2 hypertension: >/= 160/ >/= 100
based on average of 2 or more properly measured seated BP measurements from 2 or more clinical encounters. Highest category (systolic or diastolic) is used for categorization
HAS to be an elevated value from 2 or more measurements presnet during 2 or more clinical encounters to diagnose HTN.
