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Cardio > Hypertension > Flashcards

Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

Stage 1

A

140/90

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2
Q

Stage 2

A

160/100

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3
Q

Pt on more than 3 classes of drugs with persistent elevated BP. Work up?

A

Renal US

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4
Q

Lifestyle modifications for HTN

A
  1. Weight loss below 25
  2. Sodium restriction
  3. Low fat
  4. Exercise 30 mins per day
  5. Limit alcohol consumption
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5
Q

Initial treatment of choice for HTN

A

Thiazides

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6
Q

Pte has peaked T waves. What antihypertensive med are they on?

A

ACEI

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7
Q

DOC for hypertension in pregnancy

A

Beta blockers

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8
Q

Use with caution in DM and gout

A

Thiazides

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9
Q

Causes hypotension

A

ACEI

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10
Q

Hypertensive urgency goal

A

Decreased BP by 25% in first 24 to 48 hours

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11
Q

Preload and afterload reduction

A

ACEI

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12
Q

Sudden onset of vision loss with curtain like change is what condition and has to do with what artery

A

Amerosis fugax

Internal carotid

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13
Q

Uncontrolled HTC and DM can lead to what ophthalmic finding

A

Cotton wool spots

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14
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

Drop in systolic of 20 or diastolic of 10

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15
Q

Definitive diagnosis for ischemic heart disease

A

CTA

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16
Q

When is PTCA preferred over CABG

A
  1. 1-2 vessel disease excluding left main coronary artery
17
Q

Indications for CABG

A
  1. left main coronary artery disease
  2. symtomatic or critical stenotic 3 vessel disease
  3. decreased left ventricular ejection fraction < 40%
18
Q

Contraindication to nitroglycerin use in angina

A
  1. SBP <90
  2. PDE 5 inhibitors
  3. RV infarction
19
Q

Pt presents with BP greater than 180/120. UA showing hematuria and proteinuria with elevated BUN and Cr. Hx of CHF. What meds do you order to decrease BP

A

Nitro, fureosemid

*dont use hydralazine or beta blockers

20
Q

Pt comes in c/o pain that initially began with walking and has progressed to at rest with paresthesias, pallor, decreased movement, and ecreased sensation to temp. PE shows absent pulse, cool limbs, decreased cap refill andulceration of left lateral malleolus. What do you order? Dx? tx?

A

Order US dupplex which can confirm acute arterial occlusion. Administer Heparin.

21
Q

Acute onset aortic regurgitation with variation in pulse between right and left arm. What do you order?

A

CT scan
CXR

*Administer Esmolol or Labeteolol to decrease in 20 mins

22
Q

Tx for DVT in pregnancy

A

LMWH

23
Q

Pt with hx of AS presents with SOB, hypotension. What kind of shock and tx?

A

Cardiogenic

*Give O2 and begin small amount fluid-isotonic

Cardio (4 decks)

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