Hypertension Flashcards
what is BP value is hypertension defined as
140/90mmHg
what is stage 1 hypertension classed as
140/90mmHg
what is stage 2 hypertension classes as
160/100mmHg
what is stage 3 hypertension classes as
180/110mmHg
if someone has a clinic BP of 140/90mmHg what is the next step
offer ABPM to assess for white coat etc
how many measurements each day does ABPM offer
x2 readings every hour for at least 14 hours a day
does hypertension have an symptoms
no
ocassionally headaches
what risk factors increase chance of developing hypertension
male increased age smoking diabetes hyperlipidaemia black origin high salt and alcohol intake
what are the end organ complications of hypertension
stroke MI haemorrhage retinopathy renal failure peripheral vascular disease
what is the difference between primary and secondary hypertension
primary - no underlying cause
secondary - underlying pathology
what are some causes of secondary hypertension
Conns syndrome
Cushings syndrome
renal disease/stenosis
what is cushings syndrome
excess cortisol in the body
what is Conns syndrome
excess aldosterone in the body activating RAAS
what investigations are required for assessing someone with hypertensions overall CVD risk
urine sample for haematuria
blood glucose test
eye exam for retinopathy
ECG
what stage does someone receive treatment for hypertension
stage 2, when above 160/100mmHg
what happens to a patient with stage 1 hypertension
lifestyle advice for modifiable risk factors
annual review
what is the target blood pressure of someone >80 on treatment
150/90mmHg
what is the target blood pressure of someone <80 on treatment
140/90mmHg
who gets an ACEi or ARB as their first drug
white person <55 years old
who gets a Ca2+ channel blocker as their first drug
african/carribean person of any age
anyone over the age of 55
what is the second tier of hypertension drugs
A+C
what is the third tier of hypertension drugs
A+C+ diuretic
what happens if still hypertensive after A+C+D
add spirnolactone or beta-blocker
when is use of ACEi and ARBs contraindicated
child bearing females/pregnancy induced hypertension
