Hyperplasia - Introduction

Question 1

Definition of endometrial Hyperplasia

Answer 1

Irregular proliferation of the endometrial glands with an increase in the gland to stroma ratio when compared with proliferative endometrium

Question 2

Incidence of endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 2

3 times higher than cancer and can lead to it of left untreated

Question 3

Most common presentation of endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 3

• Heavy menstrual bleeding
• Intermenstrual bleeding
• Irregular bleeding
• Unscheduled bleeding on HRT
• Postmenopausal bleeding

Question 4

Risk factors of endometrial hypeplasia

Answer 4

• Increased BMI
• Anovulation associated with the perimenopause or polycystic ovary syndrome
• Estrogen-secreting ovarian tumours, e.g. granulosa cell tumours (with up to 40% prevalence)
• drug-induced endometrial stimulation, e.g. the
  use of systemic estrogen replacement therapy or long-term tamoxifen.
• Immunosuppression can increase incidence by 2 fold