Hyperparathyroidism Flashcards
How many parathyroid glands are there?
4
Which cells produce PTH?
Chief cells
When is PTH produced?
Hypocalcaemia
How does PTH increase calcium?
- Increasing osteoclasts (reabsorb calcium from bones)
- Increase GI and Renal calcium absorption
- Increasing Vitamin D activity (increases GI calcium absorption?
What is primary hyperparathyroidism caused by?
Parathyroid tumour
How is primary hyperparathyroidism treated?
Surgical removal of the tumour
What causes secondary hyperparathyroidism?
Low Vitamin D/CKD
Reduces calcium absorption, stimulating parathyroid hormone release
How is secondary hyperparathyroidism treated?
Correcting vitamin D/renal replacement therapy or transplant
What causes tertiary hyperparathyroidism?
Hyperplasia
secondary hyperparathyroidism over a long period causes increase in chief cell number
Which type of hyperparathyroidism causes a low/normal calcium but high PTH?
Secondary (lack of calcium absorption offset by PTH activity)
How is tertiary hyperparathyroidism treated?
Partial parathyroidectomy
