Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic State Flashcards
1
Q
What is hyperosmolar hyperglycaemia state?
A
Metabolic emergency characteristic of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes
- Hyperglycaemia = high levels of blood glucose
- Serum osmolarity very high
- Water follows glucose
- and excessive loss of water
2
Q
What is the presentation of hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state?
A
- Excessive urination
- Dehydration
- evidence of diabetes
3
Q
Why does hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state not present with ketosis?
A
*Because type 2 diabetic there is the presence of some insulin
4
Q
Investigations for Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state?
A
- Urinalysis
- Blood glucose
- ABG
5
Q
What are the causes of hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state?
A
- Underlying illness
- First presentation of type 2 diabetes
- medication induced
6
Q
What is the management of hyperosmola hyperglycaemia state?
A
- A-E assessment
- Replace fluid and electrolyte losses
- Normalise blood glucose levels
- Treat underlying cause
