Hypernatraemia Flashcards
1
Q
Hypernatraemia
A
= Na > 150 mmol/L
2
Q
Cause Decreased Water Intake
A
- disordered thirst perception (hypothalamic lesion)
- lack of environmental water
- unable to communicated need: CVA, elderly, children
3
Q
Cause: Hypotonic fluid loss
A
- Skin: sweat/ burns
- GIT: V&D, fistula
- Renal: DI, Osmotic diuresis (CRF, Hyperglycaemia), renal dz (nephropathy, myeloma, PKD, obstructive uropathy)
- hypercalcaemia
- hypokalemia
4
Q
Cause: increased Salt intake
A
- salt ingestion: tablets NaHCO3
- increased mineralocorticoid: primary hyperaldosteronism
- increased glucocorticoid: cushings
- Ectopic ACTH
5
Q
Clinical Signs & symptoms
A
Excessive thrist weakness, lethargy, irritability ataxia, tremor focal neuro deficit hyperreflexia, spasticity coma & sz
6
Q
Complications
A
Intra cerebral hemorrhage
doma & sz
cerebral edema
7
Q
Mx hypernatraemia
A
Slow correction
0.5-1 mmol/L/hr
calculate total body water and Na deficit
