hyperlipidemia

Question 1

2/3s of hyperlipidemia will have what physical finding

Answer 1

xanthelasmas(eyelids)

Question 2

severe elevations of Tg can cause what

Answer 2

pericarditis

Question 3

DM, alcohol use, hypothyroidism, renal d/s, liver d/s, drugs (estrogen, thiazides, bblockers)

Answer 3

secondary causes of hyperlidemia

Question 4

premature arcus senilis, lipidemia retinalis(cream colored retinal vessels)

Answer 4

severe hypercholesterolemia

Question 5

screen pts when hyperlipidemia

Answer 5

35 y/o USPSTF

20 y/p NCEP

Question 6

optimal lipid levels

LDL, chol, HDL

Answer 6

100
under 200
over 60

Question 7

Statins – 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (HMG-CoA inhibitors)

Answer 7

* reduce cholesterol production in the liver and increase ability of the liver to remove LDL cholesterol from blood
[decrease LDL and Tg]
- Most common side effect – Myositis
other SE: rhabdomyalys, liver toxicity
measure creatine phosphokinase

Question 8

Postmenopausal estrogen replacement helps lower ___ and raise ___

Answer 8

Postmenopausal estrogen replacement helps lower LDL and raise HDL

Question 9

Niacin

Answer 9

decrease LDL and increase HDL
SE: flushing, paresthesias, pruritis
prevent flushing by taking aspirin 30 minutes prior or a daily NSAID

Question 10

Bile acid binding resins
Cholestyramine
Colestipol

Answer 10

decrease LDL; GI SE

Question 11

Fibric acid derivatives
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate

Answer 11

decrease Tg and increase HDL

SE: gallstones, hepatitis, myositis

Question 12

what med can reduce long term risk of CAD

Answer 12

niacin

Question 13

Ezetimibe

Answer 13

blocks intestinal absorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol by blocking a cholesterol transporter and may be used as monotherapy or with a statin