hyperlipidemia Flashcards
What are the 7 classes of drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), Bile acid resins (bile acid sequestrants), Niacin, choloesterol absorption inhibitor, Fibrates, CETP inhibitors, PCSK9 inhibitors
What drug class is first line for treating elevated LDL and how much does it decrease it?
Statins decrease LDL by 20-60%, can increase HDL by 5-10%, decrease serum TG by 10-33%
What is another name for statins?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
brand name of lovastatin?
Altoprev, Mevacor
brand name of Pravastatin?
Pravachol
brand name for Pitavastatin?
Livalo
brand name for simvastatin?
Zocor
brand name for fluvastatin?
Lescol
brand name for atorvastatin?
Lipitor
brand name for rosuvastatin?
Crestor
How do BAR’s effect cholesterol?
decrease LDL by 15-30%, no effect on HDL or TG
How does Niacin impact cholesterol?
decrease LDL by 10-25%, increase HDL by 15-35%, decrease TG by 25-30%
How do Cholesterol absorption inhibitors effect cholesterol?
Decrease LDL by 17%, increase HDL by 1%, and decrease TG by 7-8%
What are the fibrates commonly used for?
Mostly to lower TG’s.
How much do each of the fibrates lower TG’s?
Gemfibrozil = lowers TG by 35-50%, Fenofibrate = lowers TG by 41-53%, Omega 3 FA’s = lowers by 23-45%
Why should you be careful about putting Diabetics on a triglyceride lowering medication?
Because usually when you decrease the BG, the TG will decrease.
Which statins can be taken any time during the day?
Rosuva, Atorva, Prava, Pitava
Which statins need to be given at night?
Lova and simva and Fluva
Which statins are most likely to cause a reaction with CYP3A4 inhibitors?
Lova, simva, and Atorva
Which statins are Hydrophilic?
Pravastatin and Rosuvastatin
Which two statins are mostly lipophilic?
Simva and atorva
What characteristics predispose individuals to statin adverse effects?
Impaired renal or hepatic function, >75yo, unexplained ALT elevations>3xUNL, prior statin intolerance,
What two characteristics may modify the decision to use higher intensity statins?
Asian ancestory, history of hemmorrhagic stroke