hyperlipidemia

Question 1

What are the 7 classes of drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia?

Answer 1

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), Bile acid resins (bile acid sequestrants), Niacin, choloesterol absorption inhibitor, Fibrates, CETP inhibitors, PCSK9 inhibitors

Question 2

What drug class is first line for treating elevated LDL and how much does it decrease it?

Answer 2

Statins decrease LDL by 20-60%, can increase HDL by 5-10%, decrease serum TG by 10-33%

Question 3

What is another name for statins?

Answer 3

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

Question 4

brand name of lovastatin?

Answer 4

Altoprev, Mevacor

Question 5

brand name of Pravastatin?

Answer 5

Pravachol

Question 6

brand name for Pitavastatin?

Answer 6

Livalo

Question 7

brand name for simvastatin?

Answer 7

Zocor

Question 8

brand name for fluvastatin?

Answer 8

Lescol

Question 9

brand name for atorvastatin?

Answer 9

Lipitor

Question 10

brand name for rosuvastatin?

Answer 10

Crestor

Question 11

How do BAR’s effect cholesterol?

Answer 11

decrease LDL by 15-30%, no effect on HDL or TG

Question 12

How does Niacin impact cholesterol?

Answer 12

decrease LDL by 10-25%, increase HDL by 15-35%, decrease TG by 25-30%

Question 13

How do Cholesterol absorption inhibitors effect cholesterol?

Answer 13

Decrease LDL by 17%, increase HDL by 1%, and decrease TG by 7-8%

Question 14

What are the fibrates commonly used for?

Answer 14

Mostly to lower TG’s.

Question 15

How much do each of the fibrates lower TG’s?

Answer 15

Gemfibrozil = lowers TG by 35-50%, Fenofibrate = lowers TG by 41-53%, Omega 3 FA’s = lowers by 23-45%

Question 16

Why should you be careful about putting Diabetics on a triglyceride lowering medication?

Answer 16

Because usually when you decrease the BG, the TG will decrease.

Question 17

Which statins can be taken any time during the day?

Answer 17

Rosuva, Atorva, Prava, Pitava

Question 18

Which statins need to be given at night?

Answer 18

Lova and simva and Fluva

Question 19

Which statins are most likely to cause a reaction with CYP3A4 inhibitors?

Answer 19

Lova, simva, and Atorva

Question 20

Which statins are Hydrophilic?

Answer 20

Pravastatin and Rosuvastatin

Question 21

Which two statins are mostly lipophilic?

Answer 21

Simva and atorva

Question 22

What characteristics predispose individuals to statin adverse effects?

Answer 22

Impaired renal or hepatic function, >75yo, unexplained ALT elevations>3xUNL, prior statin intolerance,

Question 23

What two characteristics may modify the decision to use higher intensity statins?

Answer 23

Asian ancestory, history of hemmorrhagic stroke