Hyperkalemia/Hypokalemia Flashcards
Where is K mainly secreted?
principal cell
What 3 factors control K excretion?
- Incresed Na delivery to distal tubule–> increased Na absorption and K + H excretion
- alkalosis-> H reabsorption–>K excretion
- aldosterone
how does plasma tonicity lead to hyperkalemia?
hyperglycemia–> solvent drag–> water pulls K–> hyperkalemia
hyperglycemia and acidosis both cause hyperkalemia…what treats both?
insulin
rapidly producing tumor cells leads to hyperkalemia or hypokalemia?
hypokalemia
When should we check magnesium?
hypokalemia
magnesium blocks K excretion which means hypomagnesium = increased K excretion
When should we check urine chloride?
hypokalemia
metabolic alkalosis
Urine cl
saline responsive hypokalemia from hypovolemia (vomiting, NGT, )
Urine cl > 20 = what?
saline resistant hypokalemia from barters, gitelmans, diuretics
hyperkalemia, Uk
renal causes
hyperkalemia, UK>200, TTKG 8-10
extrarenal causes
hypokalemia, Uk>20, TTKG >7
renal losses
hypokalemia, Uk
GI losses
UK>30, TTKG>7, and hypertensive
primary hyperaldosteronism
secondary hyperaldosteronism
non-aldo mineralcorticoids
Liddle’s
UK>30, TTKG>7, normo/hypotensive, variable acid base?
Mg deficiency