Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertriglycidaemia Flashcards
1
Q
Define hypercholesterolemia?
A
refers to high cholesterol levels in the blood.
2
Q
Causes of hypercholesterolemia?
A
Familial dyslipidaemias
Familial hypercholesterolaemia
Apoprotein disorders
Hypothyroidism
Obstructive jaundice
Cushings syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome
Chronic Kidney Disease
Drugs e.g. thiazide diuretics, glucocorticoids, ciclosporin
Pregnancy
Obesity
Alcohol abuse
3
Q
Presentation of hypercholesterolemia?
A
- asymptomatic
- xanthomata
- corneal arcus
4
Q
IVx/diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia?
A
- Measure total HDL, non-HDL, triglyceride concentration
- LFTs
- TFTs
- HgbA1C
- BP
- BMI
- reneal function
- Results above normal range -DIAGNOSIS
- Calculate QRISK2
5
Q
Management of hypercholesterolemia?
A
- age 84 or less & QRISK2 >10%
- diet changes
- exercise
- limit cholesterol/fat intake
- no smoking
- reduce alcohol consumption
- control HTN
- statin, fibrates
6
Q
Define hypertriglycidaemia?
A
refers to high levels of triglycerides in the blood.
7
Q
Presentation of hypertriglycidaemia?
A
- Asymptomatic
- May be associated with uncontrolled diabetes
- May lead to pancreatitis
8
Q
IVx/diagnosis of hypertriglycidaemia?
A
- Fasting lipids
- Fasting glucose
- LFTs
Triglycerides level greater than or equal to 4.5 mmol
9
Q
Management hypertriglycidaemia?
A
- Low fat diet
- Exercise
- Weight loss
- Limit alcohol consumption
- Statin (if triglycerides >10 -seek specialist advice, refer to community clinic), fibrates
