Hyperaldosteronism and Conn Syndrome Flashcards
What cells in the kidneys monitor blood pressure and secrete renin?
Juxtaglomerular cells in the afferent arteriole.
What does renin convert angiotensinogen into?
Angiotensin I.
Where is angiotensin I converted into angiotensin II?
In the lungs by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).
What hormone does angiotensin II stimulate the release of?
Aldosterone.
What is the main action of aldosterone in the kidneys?
It increases sodium reabsorption, potassium secretion, and hydrogen secretion.
What is another name for primary hyperaldosteronism?
Conn’s syndrome.
What is the most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism?
An adrenal adenoma.
What would serum renin levels be in primary hyperaldosteronism?
Low.
Name a condition that causes secondary hyperaldosteronism.
Renal artery stenosis.
How is secondary hyperaldosteronism different from primary in terms of renin levels?
Renin is high in secondary hyperaldosteronism.
What investigation is used as a screening tool for hyperaldosteronism?
Renin-aldosterone ratio.
What serum electrolyte abnormality might be seen in hyperaldosteronism?
Hypokalemia (low potassium).
What type of acid-base disturbance can hyperaldosteronism cause?
Metabolic alkalosis.
Name two aldosterone antagonists used in treatment.
Spironolactone and eplerenone.
When would you suspect hyperaldosteronism in a hypertensive patient?
When hypertension is resistant to treatment, especially with low or normal potassium.
