Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

350 Midterm hygiene and comfort > hygiene and comfort > Flashcards

hygiene and comfort Flashcards

1
Q

what is hygiene?

A

maintenance of health, self-grooming, bathing. Attending to the body. Removal of substances that are external to you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is Hygiene important

A

Better feeling, preventing infection, preventing the spread of disease, socially important, therapeutic or bonding experience. It’s also important for performing assessments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which patients are most at risk for skin problems?

A

older adults
babies
people who work at hazardous chemical environment
homeless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give 5 reasons why you would give bed bath?

A
  1. decrease body odour
  2. ROM/skin assessment
  3. stimulate blood circulation
  4. improve self-image
  5. promote relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What factors influence personal hygiene practices? explain.

A
  1. Socioeconomic factors: problem of lack of resources.
  2. Social practises: Social groups influence hygiene preferences and practices. Ex: during childhood, influenced by family members. during adolescents, influenced by peer group behaviour
  3. Self-image/body image: how they like to groom themselves
  4. personal preferences: choices of products, when to bathe, how to bathe etc
  5. physical conditions: Limitations, disability, pain, dexterity
  6. Health believes and motivations: their perception in hygiene. Ex: do patients know the importance of oral care
  7. cultural factors: Ex: how many times they’d like to shower. in some cultures they bathe once a week
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List some of the assessments you’d perform before giving a patient shower

A
  • what can the patient do independently
  • how much assistance is needed
  • does the client have any hygiene preferences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the types of care done at an acute and long term facility

A

early morning care
routine morning care
afternoon care
evening or hour-before-sleep care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

For a patient who is totally dependent what type of bed bath would you perform?

a) partial
b) Bag bath
c) Complete Bed bath
d) shower

A

c) complete bed bath:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which steps would you perform before and/or after a complete bed bath? (Select all that apply)

a) Obtain vitals before and after
b) take as long as needed to get the patient clean
c) assess and anticipate whether patient is physically able to tolerate a complete bed bath

A

a) Obtain vitals before and after

c) assess and anticipate whether patient is physically able to tolerate a complete bed bath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

list 5 things you would consider before/during a shower or bath

A
  1. privacy
  2. maintain warmth
  3. promote independence
  4. anticipate things you’d need
  5. dont leave patient alone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List 5 safety considerations

A
  1. Review any specific measures concerning movement, positioning or isolation precautions
  2. Note any equipment that is being used (eg. IV)
  3. Ensure that bed rails are in place if bed is raised: put the bed down when leaving the patient alone and rails up
  4. Maintain water at appropriate temperature
  5. Observe your own body mechanics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List 5 benefits of back rubs

A
  1. stimulates circulation
  2. relieves muscle tension
  3. Reduces pressure injury development
  4. promotes relaxation and comfort
  5. promotes nurse/client relationship
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When is Perineal care important and why?

A

When: patients with catheter, genital/rectal post-op, child birth
Why: important to reduce risk of infection/odour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is Oral hygiene important? (select all that apply)

a) to reduce risk of pneumonia
b) to maintain healthy state of mouth, teeth, gums, lips and tongue
c) B/c colgate tastes great
d) to relieve unpleasant odour and taste

A

a) to reduce risk of pneumonia
b) to maintain healthy state of mouth, teeth, gums, lips and tongue
d) to relieve unpleasant odour and taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some things to consider while performing oral care for patients who are unconscious

A
  1. protect from choking and aspiration (having them on their side/lateral position)
  2. never use finger while cleansing oral cavity
  3. assess for gum bleeds, dry mucosa or crusts on the tongue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Things to consider for denture care:

a) doesnt need to be cleaned
b) if cleaning in sink, use washcloth at bottom of the sink to prevent from dropping and breaking
c) wash and store in tepid water

A

b) if cleaning in sink, use washcloth at bottom of the sink to prevent from dropping and breaking
c) wash and store in tepid water

17
Q

True or false?

a) if patient is in pain at that moment maybe its not the best to do the bed
b) Linen should be dry, clean, and wrinkle free
c) shake the linens in the air

A

a) if patient is in pain at that moment maybe its not the best to do the bed - T
b) Linen should be dry, clean, and wrinkle free - T
c) shake the linens in the air - F

18
Q

What are the common bed positions?

mention the angle as well

A

a) Fowler’s (45)
b) Semi Fowler’s (30)
c) Trendelenburg
d) reverse Trendelendburg
e) flat

19
Q

What is a support surface?

A

Support surface is standard devices used to redistribute pressure for management of tissue loads, microclimate and/or other therapeutic functions . ex: mattress, integrated bed system, seat cushion or cushion overlay

20
Q

what are Pressure-Redistribution surfaces?

A
  • replaces older terms pressure relieving and pressure reducing
  • prevents pressure ulcers
  • replacements for support surfaces to prevent pressure injuries
21
Q

what are 3 safety issues related to bed making

A
  1. review patient’s chart for specific precautions for movement and positioning
  2. wheels of the bed are locked
  3. proper body mechanics (lower side rails, adjust bed height)
22
Q

identify 4 ways that nurses follow the principles of medical asepsis when bed making

A
  1. roll up the bed linens, and not shake in the air- to avoid the spread of microorganisms
  2. avoid linens from touching the uniform
  3. not putting soiled linens on the floor, put them in special linen bag to prevent
  4. If the linen touches the floor, it should be discarded immediately
23
Q

Identify four factors that nurses can control to create a more comfortable environment

A

a) Good ventilation: keeps odours from lingering in the room
b) Monitoring equipment (IV pump alarms, suction apparatus, or stretchers exiting an elevator)
c) Proper lighting in the room
d) Patient’s preference/positioning of room furniture

24
Q

Discuss briefly the following risk factors for skin impairment:

a) immobilization
b) reduced sensation
c) nutrition and hydration alteration
d) secretions and excretions on the skin
e) vascular insufficiency
f) external devices

A

a) Immobilization: patient’s dependent body parts are exposed to pressure, reducing circulation to the affected body parts.
b) Reduced sensation: unable to sense an injury to the skin. Check for pain, temperature sensation and tactile sensation while bathing to assess nerve function status.
c) Nutrition and hydration alterations: patients with limited protein or caloric intake can develop thinner and less elastic skin with a loss of subcutaneous tissue. This can result in impaired delayed wound healing
d) Secretions and excretions on the skin: moisture on the skin’s surface acts as medium for bacterial growth and can cause irritation, soften epidermal cells and lead to skin breakdown. Presence of perspiration, urine, fecal matter or wound drainage.
e) Vascular insufficiency: This inadequate blood flow can cause ischemia or tissue breakdown. Risk of infection can also exist due to lack of nutrients, oxygen and white blood cells delivery to the injured tissue.
f) External devices: an external device applied to or around the skin can cause friction or pressure to the skin- bandages, tubing, dressing.

25
Q

Briefly explain how the following factor influences hygiene habits
a) social practices

A

Social practices: during childhood hygiene or personal care is influenced by parents or family members, during adolescents its influences by the peers or interest in personal image, during adulthood involvement of work groups and friends and for older adults, health conditions, and available resources can influence

26
Q

Briefly explain how the following factor influences hygiene habits

personal preferences

A

the type of product the patient might want to use

27
Q

Briefly explain how the following factor influences hygiene habits

body image

A

Body image: for patients the body image might change after a surgery. It is a person’s subjective concept of his or her physical appearance and it can change frequently. For patients who are well groomed, take note of that and offer services if available

28
Q

Briefly explain how the following factor influences hygiene habits

socioeconomic status

A

Socioeconomic status: When patients have the added problem of a lack of resources, it becomes difficult to participate and take a responsible role in health promotion activities such as basic hygiene.

29
Q

Briefly explain how the following factor influences hygiene habits

health beliefs and motivation

A

health beliefs and motivations: check the patient’s perception in dental hygiene for example and provide knowledge to influence and promote oral hygiene like brushing teeth more regularly and flossing

30
Q

Briefly explain how the following factor influences hygiene habits

cultural variables

A

cultural variables: in some cultures, individuals don’t shower everyday

31
Q

Briefly explain how the following factor influences hygiene habits

physical conditions

A

Physical condition: limitations, disability, or pain often lack physical energy, dexterity, and range of motion to perform hygiene care. IV lines, catheters may prevent patients from performing self-hygiene

32
Q

A complete bed bath is for…

A

A complete bed bath is for patients who are totally dependent and require assistance with all types of hygiene care. Anticipation and assessment of whether the patient can tolerate a complete bed bath and measure vital signs before and after the bath.

33
Q

A partial bed bath involves…

A

A partial bed bath involves bathing only those parts of the body that would cause discomfort or odour if not cleansed and those areas that are not easily reached by the patients. Ex: perineal care

34
Q

What is perineal care? Which clients are at the greatest risk for skin breakdown in the
perineal area?

A

Perineal care is usually part of the complete bed bath. Patients who are in greater risk for acquiring an infection are at most need for perineal care like patients with catheters, who are recovering from rectal or genital surgery or childbirth, uncircumcised males, patients who are incontinent or patients who are morbidly obese.

35
Q

Why is back rub beneficial

A

A back rub :

  • promotes circulation,
  • reduces risk of pressure injury development,
  • relives muscle tension,
  • promotes comfort and relaxation
  • patient/client relationship.
36
Q

explain why oral hygiene is important to individuals

A
  • To reduce the incidence of pneumonia.
  • Maintain healthy state of the mouth, gum, teeth, lips and tongue
  • Relieves unpleasant tastes and odor
  • Reduce gum inflammation and infection by flossing
37
Q

How might oral hygiene methods differ when caring for individuals with special needs

A
  • protect from choking and aspiration by having the patient on their side (Sim’s position)
  • never use fingers while cleansing the oral cavity
  • use suction tube
  • use of chlorhexidine with oral hygiene reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia
  • Explain the steps of mouth care and the sensations the patient will feel and advice the patient when the procedure is complete
38
Q

Identify four factors that nurses can control to create a more comfortable environment

A

a) Good ventilation: keeps odors from lingering in the room
b) Monitoring equipment (IV pump alarms, suction apparatus, or stretchers exiting an elevator)
c) Proper lighting in the room
d) Patient’s preference/positioning of room furniture

350 Midterm hygiene and comfort (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions